Browsing by Author "Hoehler, Matthew Stanton"

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Behavior and testing of fastenings to concrete for use in seismic applications
(2006) Hoehler, Matthew Stanton; Eligehausen, Rolf (Prof. Dr.-Ing.)
This dissertation investigates the behavior in concrete of cast-in and post-installed fastenings under earthquake conditions and provides background for the development of seismic qualification methods and performance assessment criteria for fasteners. Chapters 1 and 2 define the problem and provide the context for the research. Chapter 3 puts existing literature related to the behavior and testing of fasteners under earthquake conditions into a cohesive framework. This chapter also reviews and summarizes normative standards for the design and testing of fasteners for seismic applications. Chapter 4 investigates the conditions to which fasteners may be subjected during an earthquake so that realistic boundary conditions for testing can be established. It is shown that fasteners used to connect structural and nonstructural elements to a reinforced concrete structure experience both crack cycling and load cycling at dynamic rates during an earthquake. Based on theoretical considerations and numerical studies, this chapter establishes typical values for crack widths and the number of crack opening and closing cycles during an earthquake for use in fastener qualification tests. Cumulative damage based cycle counting methods are used to develop tension and shear load cycling time-histories for fasteners. Chapters 5, 6 and 7 present and discuss the results of experimental investigations of fastener behavior under seismic conditions. Chapter 5 deals with fastener performance in wide cycled cracks when full crack closure occurs, i.e. when the cracks are pressed closed as could occur during a moment reversal in a member. This chapter describes in detail the load-displacement response of various fastener failure modes during extreme crack cycling. Chapter 6 presents results from tests with pulsating tension loads. Tests with cast-in headed bolts are used to develop an equation to predict head slip during tension load cycling. Tests with post-installed fasteners investigate the performance of various load-transfer mechanisms during tension cycling at near-ultimate load. Chapter 7 focuses on the behavior of fasteners under high (earthquake relevant) loading rates. Under certain conditions some fasteners can exhibit a lower ultimate capacity at high loading rate than at quasi-static loading rate or may undergo a change in failure mode. Chapter 8 demonstrates that some existing design guidelines have an insufficient margin of safety to avoid brittle fastener failure. This chapter also shows that the deformation capacity of anchors designed for ductile steel failure can be controlled using the margin of safety between steel failure and brittle failure. Finally, Chapter 9 makes recommendations to improve qualification testing methods and assessment criteria for fasteners used for earthquake applications.