Browsing by Author "Kahlert, Daniela"

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Open Access
Older people’s perceptions of friendliness and traffic safety : an experiment using computer-simulated walking environments
(2015) Kahlert, Daniela; Schlicht, Wolfgang
Open Access
Out-of-home mobility and social participation of older people : a photo-based ambulatory assessment study
(2020) Kahlert, Daniela; Ehrhardt, Niklas
Research has shown that social participation contributes to older people’s healthy ageing. Out-of-home mobility may promote higher levels of social participation among older people. However, mobility and social participation are sophisticated constructs. Social participation can be distinguished among different levels, such as being alone, being alone surrounded by others, interacting with others or engaging in activities together. Social participation and time spent in out-of-home-mobility can be difficult to remember and therefore difficult to assess. Picture-based ambulatory assessment provides valid and reliable information about people’s mobility as well as their level of participation with high ecological validity. The aim of the study was to investigate older people’s level of social participation and its association with high or low out-of-home mobility. In sum, 23072 pictures (mean per person = 2307; SD = 686.7) involving ten older people (mean age = 75.4 years; SD = 7.5 years) living in southwestern Germany were analysed. They were asked to wear a wearable camera for two consecutive days. Images were automatically captured every 15 seconds. Image analysis shows that study participants spent most of their time alone (at approximately 35% of analysed time). Out-of-home mobility was associated with higher levels of social participation, such as helping others (chi2 = 200,664, df = 5, p < .001). Picture-based ambulatory assessment can assist in the gathering of necessary sophisticated information that is difficult to assess via questionnaires or other similar methods.
Open Access
PREVIEW behavior modification intervention toolbox (PREMIT): a study protocol for a psychological element of a multicenter project
(2016) Kahlert, Daniela; Unyi-Reicherz, Annelie; Stratton, Gareth; Meinert Larsen, Thomas; Fogelholm, Mikael; Raben, Anne; Schlicht, Wolfgang
Background: Losing excess body weight and preventing weight regain by changing lifestyle is a challenging but promising task to prevent the incidence of type-2 diabetes. To be successful, it is necessary to use evidence-based and theory-driven interventions, which also contribute to the science of behavior modification by providing a deeper understanding of successful intervention components. Objective: To develop a physical activity and dietary behavior modification intervention toolbox (PREMIT) that fulfills current requirements of being theory-driven and evidence-based, comprehensively described and feasible to evaluate. PREMIT is part of an intervention trial, which aims to prevent the onset of type-2 diabetes in pre-diabetics in eight clinical centers across the world by guiding them in changing their physical activity and dietary behavior through a group counseling approach. Methods: The program development took five progressive steps, in line with the Public Health Action Cycle: (1) Summing-up the intervention goal(s), target group and the setting, (2) uncovering the generative psychological mechanisms, (3) identifying behavior change techniques and tools, (4) preparing for evaluation and (5) implementing the intervention and assuring quality. Results: PREMIT is based on a trans-theoretical approach referring to valid behavior modification theories, models and approaches. A major “product” of PREMIT is a matrix, constructed for use by onsite-instructors. The matrix includes objectives, tasks and activities ordered by periods. PREMIT is constructed to help instructors guide participants' behavior change. To ensure high fidelity and adherence of program-implementation across the eight intervention centers standardized operational procedures were defined and “train-the-trainer” workshops were held. In summary PREMIT is a theory-driven, evidence-based program carefully developed to change physical activity and dietary behaviors in pre-diabetic people.