15 Fakultätsübergreifend / Sonstige Einrichtung
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Item Open Access Item Open Access Das Projekt "Sozialverträglichkeit von Energiesystemen" : Konzept, Methodik und Ergebnisse(1986) Renn, Ortwin; Albrecht, Gabriele; Kotte, Ulrich; Peters, Hans Peter; Stegelmann, Hans U.Das Jülicher Projekt hat sich vor allem mit dem Aspekt der politischen Konsensfähigkeit eines Energiesystems befaßt, deren Bedingungen analysiert werden. Unter Sozialverträglichkeit wird die Übereinstimmung einer Entwicklung in einem gesellschaftlichen Bereich (etwa Technik, Wirtschaftsordnung oder auch Energiepolitik) mit den in der Gesellschaft vorfindbaren Wertvorstellungen verstanden. Dabei ist die Grundannahme der Studie, daß die (individuelle) Akzeptanz eines Energiesysterns vom Ausmaß wahrgenommener Verletzung von normativ besetzten Zielvorstellungen (Werten) abhängt, jeweils verglichen mit ebenfalls möglich erscheinenden Alternativen.Item Open Access The social amplification of risk : theoretical foundations and empirical applications(1992) Renn, Ortwin; Burns, William J.; Kasperson, Jeanne X.; Kasperson, Roger E.; Slovic, PaulThe article presents the framework of social amplification of risk which integrates the technical assessment and the social experience of risk. Risk perception research has revealed that contextual factors shape individual risk estimations and evaluations. Identification of these factors, such as voluntariness, personal ability to influence risks, familiarity with the hazard, and catastrophic potential, provides useful information about the elements that individuals consider in constructing their interpretation of risks. In addition, analyses of people's heuristics in making inferences have shed some light on how risk information is generalized and evaluated intuitively. These psychological studies fail to explain, however, why individuals attend to certain characteristics of risks and ignore others. Furthermore, in focusing only on the individual as an information processor, these studies exclude from the analysis the social and cultural variance of risk interpretations. The social amplification framework postulates that the social and economic impacts of an adverse event are determined not only by the direct physical consequences of the event, but by the interaction of psychological, cultural, social, and institutional processes that amplify or attenuate public experience of risk and result in secondary impacts.Item Open Access Die alternative Bewegung : Ursprünge, Quellen, Ziele(1982) Renn, OrtwinDie industrielle Revolution hat dem Menschen einen Vorteil beschert, den man kaum hoch genug bewerten kann: Die Differenzierung von Berufs- und Lebensrollen. Wer die Vorteile der Arbeitsteilung, der gesellschaftlichen Differenzierung und der besseren Lebenschancen für die Gesamtheit der Bürger auf dem Altar der "Naturidylle" opfern will, muß sich darüber im klaren sein, daß dieser Weg zwangsläufig in einer durch Natur, Umgebung und Lebensgemeinschaft bestimmten Einheitskultur endet, die unserem heutigen Verständnis von menschlicher Freiheit und Gleichheit der Lebenschancen widerspricht. Im Endeffekt wird es in der alternativen Gesellschaft unmöglich sein, nicht alternativ zu leben.Item Open Access Risk communication on the community level : european experiences from the Seveso directive(1988) Renn, OrtwinThe following paragraphs will describe the major provisions of the Soveso Directive, report on the implementation of and experiences with the Seveso Directive in the EC member states, analyze the relationships between regulatory style and risk communication, and summarize the findings in forms of recommendations for future activities of risk communications in the US.Item Open Access High Technology : Bedingungen und Konsequenzen eines neuen Umbruchs(1983) Renn, OrtwinHigh technologies werden die technologische Landschaft und die sozialen Bezüge in unserer Gesellschaft verändern. Wie die meisten technologischen Umstürze werden die neuen Technologien die bestehende Infrastruktur nicht völlig verändern oder die Bedürfnisse und Verkehrsformen der Menschen auf den Kopf stellen. Der Stellenwert des Gütermarktes wird gegenüber dem Kommunikationsmarkt ständig an Bedeutung verlieren, Arbeits- und Berufsleben werden sich in ihren Inhalten und in ihrer äußeren Ablaufform verändern und das private Freizeitleben wird sich den neuen Möglichkeiten der Kommunikation anpassen. Eine gleichgerichtete Entwicklung von technologischen Verfahren zur Befriedigung neu aufkommender Bedürfnisse und der bestmöglichen Steuerung des technischen Fortschritts durch sachädaquate und sozial verträgliche Regulationsmechanismen setzt die Bereitschaft einer Gesellschaft voraus, flexibel auf neue Anregungen zu reagieren und sich selbst in Frage zu stellen.Item Open Access Social amplification of risk: the media and public response(1989) Kasperson, Roger E.; Renn, Ortwin; Slovic, Paul; Kasperson, Jeanne X.; Emani, SrinivasThe risk associated with radioactive and other hazardous waste disposal may be expected to interact with societal processes to enlarge or attenuate the consequences of risks and events. Using a data base of 128 hazard events that have ocurred largely over the past ten years, the authors examine the role of physical consequences, media coverage, and public perceptions of risks in generating social and economic impacts. The analysis concludes that social amplification processes substantially shape the nature and magnitude of those impacts but also that such social amplification appears to be systematically relate to characteristics of the risks and risk events.Item Open Access Sociopolitical aspects of nuclear energy(1984) Münch, Erwin; Renn, OrtwinSince the technical risk and the perception of risk towards nuclear energy in particular is an important factor for the acceptance of nuclear energy we try to elaborate this topic in some detail. Further it is necessary to evaluate values associated with energy production in order to concentrate on essentials when introducing nuclear energy into to energy system of a country. It is, moreover, helpful to show the differences in attitudes towards nuclear energy in industrialized and developing countries, and finally to present a review of public attitudes towards nuclear energy in German'y since the end of World War II. It may be possible to take advantage of the experience gained in our country. As a result of these investigations we present a proposal for a special programme for information and education to facilitate the introduction of nuclear energy in developing countries and to create a level of acceptance which is necessary for this step of development in the field of energy production.Item Open Access Structuring West Germany's energy objectives(1987) Keeney, Ralph L.; Renn, Ortwin; Winterfeld, Detlof vonFor this article a comprehensive and politically legitimate list of criteria to evaluate energy systems was constructed from interviews with leading representatives of a broad spectrum of West German society. In the interviews, we probed the fundamental values of nine political and social organizations, including the Catholic and Lutheran Churches, the Federation of German Labour Unions, the Association of German Industries and the German Nature Society. A hierarchical representation of value criteria was logically structured for each group separately, and then aggregated into a combined ‘value tree’. The result facilitates communication and constructive compromise, promotes the creation of policy options and helps evaluate future energy systems.Item Open Access Fuel to the nuclear debate : [Rezension von:] Nuclear power in crisis, Andrew Blowers and David Pepper (editors), New York, Nichols; London ..., Croom Helm, 1987(1988) Renn, OrtwinNuclear energy is one of the most popular topics of today’s publication market. The literature about the pros and cons of nuclear power may easily fill a whole library. Is there anything new to add to this voluminous body of arguments and contra-arguments that would justify editing another book on nuclear energy? Andrew Blowers and David Pepper obviously felt that way and published a reader on Nuclear Power in Crisis. The book consists of 13 articles covering mainly the political, social and health aspects of nuclear power. Several of the chapters were papers presented at the Annual Conference of the Institute of British Geographers at Leeds, UK, in 1985.