Universität Stuttgart
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Item Open Access Thermal conductivity of saturated R123 and R134a : transient hot wire measurements(1990) Groß, Ulrich; Song, Youwang; Kallweit, Jörg; Hahne, ErichChemical stable chlorinated hydrocarbons destroy the protecting ozone layer in the upper parts of the atmosphere - this has been found about 15 years ago, and since that time it became more and more clear how serious the problem is. Traditional refrigerants, e.g. R11 (CCl 3F) and R12 (CCl 2F 2), have to be replaced in course of the next few years by substances which contain less or even no chlorine, for example by R123 (C2HCl 2F 3) and R134a (C 2H2 F4) respectively. Application of new substances as working fluids in refrigeration cycles and as blowing agents in foaming of polyurethane (PUR) requires detailed information about toxicological, chemical and thermophysical properties, like latent heat of vaporization, density, boiling curve, viscosity - and thermal conductivity.Item Open Access Simulation of cracking and failure of concrete structures(1990) Cervenka, Vladimir; Eligehausen, RolfThe computer simulation of the cracking process in concrete structures is performed by means of the program system SBETA. The program is based on nonlinear hypo-elastic constitutive model, which covers all important, experimentally derived material properties, namely, cracking, nonlinear stress-strain law in compression, softenning in compression and tension, biaxial failure function, etc. The nonlinear fracture mechanics is included by means of the fictitious crack model and smeared crack approach. Two examples of computer simulation of concrete fracture are shown. In the first example, the failure mode of a pull-out test is presented. In the second example, the process of the crack development and shear failure of a reinforced concrete beam is simulated.Item Open Access Issues in designing object management systems(1990) Clow, Geoff; Plödereder, ErhardThis paper summarizes the discussions of the Object Management System (OMS) session at the Chinon Workshop. The session identified numerous capabilities which might be required in an OMS. The facilities which were agreed upon as essential to an OMS are presented in Section 1, OMS Core Facilities. A number of issues in the realization of these and other capabilities, influenced in part by specific application scenarios, are discussed in Section 2, OMS Requirements Issues. Promising applications requiring further investigation can be found in Section 3, Perceptions for the Future. Some global observations on the past and future conduct of the OMS field are summarized in Section 4, Concluding Observations.Item Open Access Computer simulation of anchoring technique in reinforced concrete beams(1990) Cervenka, Vladimir; Pukl, Radomir; Eligehausen, RolfThe load transfer in reinforced concrete structures by means of anchoring elements is very common in modern concrete technology. Anchoring elements are often inserted in the bottom surface of a structure and the load is transfered by tensile action of the concrete. In case of shear failure, the anchores are located in the most exposed tensile zone of beams. The shear failure can be thus influenced by anchoring elements. This effect was analysed by means of the finite element program SBETA, which is based on the nonlinear-elastic constitutive model. The comparison with experiments for several loading configurations was made. In the second part a computer simulation of similar experiments was conducted.Item Open Access Multibody systems and robot dynamics(1990) Schiehlen, WernerThe method of multibody system has been developed during the last two decades with application to various engineering topics, including robotics and walking machines. On the other hand, special algorithms for robot dynamics are available featuring the high computational efficiency required for control purposes. This paper shows the close relation between both approaches. Essential criteria for the effeciency of dynamics software are the numbers of coordinates used, which should be minimal. For illustration a two-body system is considered, including open and cIosed loop configurations.Item Open Access Diagnosis and modelling of Alzheimer's disease through neural network analyses of PET studies(1990) Kippenhan, Jonathan Shane; Nagel, Joachim H.The back-propagation neural network algorithm was applied to the analysis of regional patterns in cerebral function, as demonstrated in positron emission tomography (PET). A trained network was able to successfully distinguish PET scans of normal subjects from PET scans of Alzheimer's Disease patients. It is concluded that the combination of PET and neural networks is a useful diagnostic tool for Alzheimer's Disease. A new paradigm for back-propagation learning is discussed which emphasizes its similarity to template matching. It is demonstrated that, under certain circumstances, the back-propagation network can be used as an estimation tool, as well as a classification tool, i.e., a trained neural network can indicate the criteria by which its classifications are performed.Item Open Access The effectiveness of different test sets for PLAs(1990) Maxwell, Peter C.; Wunderlich, Hans-JoachimIt has been theoretically demonstrated that the single stuck-at fault model for a PLA does not cover as many faults as the single crosspoint model. What has not been demonstrated is the real relative effectiveness of test sets generated using these models. This paper presents the results of a study involving presenting a number of test sets to fabricated PLAs to determine their effectiveness. The test sets included weighted random patterns, of particular interest owing to PLAs being random resistant. Details are given of a method to generate weights, taking into account a PLA's structure.Item Open Access A synthesis approach to reduce scan design overhead(1990) Eschermann, Bernhard; Wunderlich, Hans-Joachim-Item Open Access Alte und neue Sprachkonzepte: Einstufung und Bewertung(1990) Ludewig, JochenDie "4th Generation Languages" entsprechen dem Katalog einer Fertighausfabrik. Lösungen können aus vorhandenen Komponenten schnell und billig zusammengesetzt werden - oder sie sind nicht möglich. Die Stärken liegen also in Geschwindigkeit und Kosten von Standardlösungen, die Schwächen in der mangelnden Flexibilität bei speziellen Problemen, insbesondere auch bei der Erweiterung vorhandener Software-Systeme.Item Open Access Phono-conduction spectroscopy of shallow states in semiconductors(1990) Lassmann, Kurt; Gienger, Martin; Groß, PeterPhonoconduction spectroscopy of shallow states in semiconductors by help of superconduction Al-junctions as phonon sources with high spectral resolution is a sensitive new technique with phonon frequencies well up in the Debye range. The large k-vector of the phonons involved opens new possibilities for the investigation of electron dynamics and states in semiconductors.