Universität Stuttgart
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Item Open Access Structuring wicked problems in science communication(2025) Kirschke, Sabrina; Kosow, HannahPublic policy scholars increasingly deal with wicked problems and how diverse actors structure these problems in policy processes. However, the role of actors at the interface of science and society such as science communicators in structuring wicked problems remains widely unclear. This paper analyzes how science communicators translate wicked problems in their science communication activities focusing on two research questions: How do science communicators understand the problem territories they are dealing with in terms of their wickedness? And to what degree do science communicators aim to tame or communicate wickedness to the public? To answer these two questions, 20 science communication projects implemented within the German Science Year 2022 “Participate” were analyzed. Data were collected through 20 online interviews with science communicators, including both open and closed questions. Results reveal that the wickedness of public policy problems only partly translates into science communication practice: Science communicators understand problems rather broadly, crystallizing in a rather medium degree of wickedness. At the same time, science communicators tend to tame wicked problems by addressing specific facets of problems rather than translating the overall wickedness they perceive. Results add to research about the role of different actors in structuring wicked public policy problems and the role of intermediary actors in these processes, in particular.Item Open Access Dissertationen und Habilitationsschriften der Universität Stuttgart 2021/2, Juli - Dezember 2021(Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek, 2022)Item Open Access Movement in the digital world : interdisciplinary model, processes, and methods in digital motor-cognitive health promotion - exergame research and development in collaboration at the intersection of human movement science, user experience and game design(2026) Ciemer, Celina; Schott, Nadja (Prof. Dr.)Increasing motor and cognitive inactivity presents a growing global health concern. It contributes significantly to chronic diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and cognitive decline, leads to higher mortality rates, and diminishes overall well-being and quality of life. In response, there is an urgent need for effective and motivating motor and cognitive health promotion. Exergames using motor-cognitive exercises embedded within a game context have emerged as a promising approach. However, their potential remains underexploited due to insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration and the lack of transparent, structured design practices, which hinder meaningful evaluation by generalization. In this thesis, the Co-creative Interdisciplinary Exergame design process Model and Extended Reflection (CIEMER) framework is introduced and developed to address these foundational challenges. CIEMER consists of a conceptual model that fosters shared understanding through defined relational structures, a practical design process that produces clear, interpretable outcomes, and applicable collaboration methods. This framework redefines interdisciplinary collaboration as an active relational process requiring dedicated structure. By integrating different epistemological concepts and procedures in a pluralistic approach and translating this disciplinary expertise into a shared language, CIEMER facilitates shared design and evaluation. It enables the visibility of both discipline-specific concepts and procedures as well as their translation into interdisciplinary design decisions within a shared context. CIEMER further supports the precise definition of shared exergame objectives and corresponding evaluation strategies, thereby enabling comprehensible, comparable, and reproducible insights beyond 'black-box' findings. CIEMER thus provides a foundational step toward standardizing interdisciplinary exergame design and reporting practices. The framework has been validated by designing two high-fidelity and four early-stage exergames. Both high-fidelity exergames are designed to address functional decline across motor, cognitive, sensory, and psychological domains through multidimensional training. They incorporate natural, unrestricted walking as it is a fundamental mode of human mobility. This type of walking requires the continuous integration of locomotion, postural control, and adaptation to environmental demands, forming a complex dual-task scenario that is central to real-world functioning. The first exergame is based on the clinical Trail-Walking Test and translates its dual-task structure into an urban scenario using mixed reality floor projection mapping. The second exergame integrates various unrestricted natural walking patterns within a hiking environment that reflects real-world conditions. It is implemented in fully immersive virtual reality and specifically targets fall prevention in healthy, community-dwelling older adults. This is achieved through the integration of effectiveness, enjoyment, and meaningfulness objectives of human movement science, game design, and user experience design, and supported by the results of a quasi-randomized controlled trial. Additionally, a cross-disciplinary systematic review identified key research gaps and challenges in fall prevention exergame collaborations. A novel systematic literature search framework (CRIS) was developed to enable such reviews, accommodating the highly variable nature of exergames across forms of collaboration, applications, and disciplines, addressing epistemological differences. This thesis marks a starting point for structured interdisciplinary collaboration in exergame research. This work can help future work to expand the proposed reporting practices, apply and refine the process in varied interdisciplinary and contextual settings, and further develop context-specific methods to establish robust, generalizable standards.Item Open Access A model-based framework for the assessment of energy-efficiency and CO2-mitigation measures in multi-cylinder paper drying(Stuttgart : Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Rationelle Energieanwendung, 2022) Godin, Hélène; Radgen, Peter (Prof. Dr.-Ing.)Thesis on the effect of energy-efficiency and CO2-mitigation measures in multi-cylinder paper drying.Item Open Access Data-driven modelling of neuromechanical adaptation in skeletal muscles in response to isometric exercise(Stuttgart : Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Chair of Continuum Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, University of Stuttgart, 2022) Altan, Neriman Ekin; Röhrle, Oliver (Prof., PhD)This study aims to model the changes in the behaviour of motor neurons of the vastus lateralis in response to unilateral isometric knee extension exercise (UIKEE). For this, the phenomenological motor control model by Fuglevand et al. (1993) has been used. Input parameters for this model have been calibrated against data from experimental studies available in literature by using Bayesian updating. The pre-exercise state of the motor neuron pool of the muscle describing the recruitment behaviour as well as the contractile properties of the motor neurons have been constructed. Data collected from a systematic review on the change in isometric strength due to UIKEE has been modelled using Bayesian lonigutidinal model-based meta-analysis. Using the model of the change in isometric strength, increase in the average motor neuron discharge rate following UIKEE has been quantified.Item Open Access Colmation: Unravelling physical interactions of surface and subsurface processes(Stuttgart : Universität Stuttgart, Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems, 2024) Koca, Kaan; Haun, Stefan; Wieprecht, Silke; Noack, MarkusColmation, the infiltration and accumulation of fine sediment in gravel riverbeds, is a natural process in riverine ecosystems. However, when excessive amounts of fine sediments are transported into rivers due to human activities (e.g., intensive agriculture, mining), they can substantially clog the pores of the riverbed, reduce its hydraulic conductivity, usually leading to detrimental impacts on water quality and ecological health. Despite extensive research on colmation, considerable knowledge gaps exist regarding the spatio-temporal dynamics and interactions between near-bed and interstitial flow and processes governing colmation. This is mainly due to the lack of measurement methods that can be utilized at pore scale without disturbing the natural environment. To this end, we developed a novel smart sensor capable of monitoring and measuring sediment infiltration and deposition processes within the pores of the gravel bed. The developed sensor was compared to the industry standard gamma-ray computer tomography (Gamma CT), exhibiting good agreement across a range of infiltrating particle sizes, from sand to fine gravel. Flume experiments further demonstrated the reliability of the smart sensor in acquiring spatially-distributed information on sediment deposition dynamics at high temporal resolution and with reproducible results. While persistent technical malfunctions hindered the acquisition of interstitial flow measurements using an endoscopic PIV system, the developed sensor alone provides valuable insights into sediment accumulation processes, making it a promising tool for engineers, geomorphologists, and ecologists. A potential combination of our sensor with pore-scale velocity measurements and/or eddy-resolving simulations can be considered in the future to elucidate the interactions between local flow fields and progressive pore occlusion by fine sediments. In this respect, our contribution does not only fill a critical gap in our ability to non-destructively monitor sediment deposition process in the interstitial pore space, but also offers the potential for supporting development of more realistic, high-resolution numerical models, which are essential for understanding subsurface-surface interactions at larger scales and finally coming up with sustainable management strategies.Item Open Access Forschungsinformationsmanagement(2022) Adam, Sascha; Bode, Frank; Christ, Claudia; Hanke, Vanessa; Marchetti, Christian; Marschall, Nicolas; Möller, Jan-Christian; Nagel, Michael; Preuß, Stefanie; Quester-Brüning, Beate; Rensing, Stefan; Rieger, Klaus-Peter; Suchodoletz, Dirk von; Tobias, Regine; Vogt, Sebastian; Wallenstein, Sebastian; Weinreich, SigrudDie Bedeutung von Forschungsberichterstattung für Universitäten nimmt kontinuierlich zu. So müssen Universitäten Berichtspflichten gegenüber Geldgebern und Ministerien erfüllen, Informationen zur internen Entscheidungsfindung und Steuerung bereithalten sowie Rechenschaft über ihre Geldgeber gegenüber der Öffentlichkeit ablegen. Forschungsberichterstattung ist somit von hoher strategischer Bedeutung für die Steuerungs- und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Universitäten sowie für die Sichtbarkeit und Transparenz ihrer Forschungsleistungen nach außen. Gleichzeitig stellen die steigenden Anforderungen an die Forschungsberichterstattung die Universitäten in Baden-Württemberg vor schwierige Aufgaben, da die benötigten Daten zu Forschungsaktivitäten oft nur verteilt und in uneinheitlicher Form in den Institutionen vorliegen. Dies führt zu einem hohen administrativen Aufwand in der Forschungsberichterstattung. Aus diesem Grund empfiehlt auch der Wissenschaftsrat den Hochschulen, ihre Forschungsberichterstattung zu professionalisieren. Dieses Papier des Think Tank Forschungsinformationsmanagement schlägt daher vor, dass sich die baden-württembergischen Universitäten zu einem Verbund zum Thema Forschungsinformationssysteme („BW.CRIS“) zusammenschließen. Ziel des Verbundes ist, Kompetenzen in diesem Bereich zu bündeln, gemeinsame Lösungen für gemeinsame Herausforderungen zu erarbeiten und im gegenseitigen Austausch von den Erfahrungen der anderen Universitäten zu lernen. Im Verbund erhalten die Landesuniversitäten zudem eine starke Stimme und können so die Landesinteressen gegenüber Softwareanbietern, der KFiD oder weiteren Akteuren auf Bundesebene erfolgreich vertreten. Ein zentraler Erfolgsfaktor für den Anschub und die nachhaltige Arbeit eines solchen Verbundes wäre seine gezielte Unterstützung auf Landesebene. Eine solche baden-württembergische Landesinitiative zum Thema Forschungsinformationssysteme würde die baden-württembergischen Universitäten in der Digitalisierung ihrer Forschungsberichterstattung erheblich voranbringen und so die strategische Steuerungsfähigkeit der Hochschulleitungen maßgeblich erhöhen.Item Open Access Untersuchung einer Augmented Reality Kollaborationssoftware in der verteilten agilen Arbeitsweise der Automobilentwicklung(2024) Dyhringer, Robert; Resch, Michael (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr. h.c. Dr. h.c. Prof. e.h)Der Begriff Metaverse motiviert seit 2021 neue Forschung in der Wissenschaft, insbesondere in der Automobilentwicklung. Die Kombination von agilen Arbeitsweisen und verteilter Zusammenarbeit wirft neue Herausforderungen auf, die durch den Einsatz einer kollaborativen Augmented Reality Software bewältigt werden können. Eine methodisch entwickelte Software und wissenschaftliche Studien zeigen in dieser Arbeit, dass die Technologie der Augmented Reality die gleichberechtigte Gruppenarbeit und die Kommunikation in einem agilen Setup verbessern kann.Item Open Access Housing adjustment to handle natural hazards : proactive urban development planning for an effective response to natural hazards and to "build back better" in recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction - on the case of Banda Aceh, Indonesia(2021) Lucas, Sabrina; Schönwandt, Walter L. (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Ing. Dipl.-Psych.)Natural hazards, including climatological, meteorological, hydrological, and geophysical hazards can have a devastating impact on human life, the built environment, urban development, and economy. A lack of money and resources, inadequate planning laws and regulations as well as a lack of effective monitoring strategies, are reasons why people in developing countries are particularly vulnerable to the impact of natural hazards. In many cases, there is a lack of information and knowledge about what can be done to appropriately adjust housing, comprising the immediate physical environment, both within and outside of buildings where people live, and which serve as a shelter from external influences. The present thesis investigates the need for pre-disaster housing adjustment strategies as a necessary contribution of urban development planning at a local level. This was achieved through systematic interviews and field studies in the post disaster study area Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Two instruments for pre-disaster planning are introduced: ‘Proactive urban development planning as pre-disaster protection’, a systematic risk management approach, before a disaster strikes as part of the everyday planning process; and a ‘reconstruction template’ to prepare for the worst-case scenario. With these two instruments, not only the quality of reconstruction projects can be improved but, in long-term urban development planning, housing can be adjusted to natural hazards. This approach is based on the UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction) Sendai framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 and forms a bridge between post-disaster reconstruction and long-lasting urban development.Item Open Access Miscibility, viscoelastic reinforcement, and transport properties of blend membranes based on sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfone)s(2021) Saatkamp, Torben; Maier, Joachim (Prof. Dr.)Chemical energy that hydrogen may generate during combustion and the corresponding electrical energy are interconvertible by means of a fuel cell (FC) and by the electrolysis of water (WE), which allows for the utilization of the complementary nature of these two key energy vectors towards energy sustainability. A proton exchange membrane (PEM) made from an ionomer is commonly employed as the electrolyte in mobile fuel cell applications and in water electrolyzers that require dynamic operability and pressurized product gases. New PEM materials are needed to increase performance, reduce environmental impact, and allow for a more targeted design of PEMFC and PEMWE systems, all of which is in some way limited by the use of the established perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) type ionomers. This work’s focus lies on sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfone)s (sPPS), a unique group of fluorine-free cation conducting ionomers. They are unique in terms of their chemical stability and transport properties, however, typical in terms of their salt-like brittleness in the dry state and extensive swelling at high humidity and in water. To make the unique properties of sPPS available in application, the goal of this work is to take a comprehensive approach to their viscoelastic reinforcement. Therefore, the structure of this thesis entails three related aspects along the process from pure materials to the optimization of robust PEMs for application. The first chapter focuses on the optimization of the intrinsic viscoelastic properties of a particularly suited sPPS (termed S360, with IEC 2.78 meq g-1, EW 360 g mol-1) which lays the groundwork for reliable and systematic further development. To achieve this, relevant properties of S360 are first characterized and viscoelastic shortcomings as seen in water uptake measurements and tensile tests under dry conditions (≤ 30% relative humidity, RH) discussed. The step-growth polymerization of S360 is optimized after finding significant inorganic contamination retained in the established purification process of the widely used monomer sulfonated difluorodiphenyl sulfone (sDFDPS), allowing for the preparation of the ionomer in reproducible high molecular weight. Relevant properties of high molecular weight S360 are characterized and an enhancement of mechanical properties at 30% RH as well as when submerged in water is found. Access to reproducible high quality of S360 enables its first-time use and study as a PEM in a completely fluorine-free WE cell. At 80 °C, record performance amongst fluorine free electrolytes in PEMWEs of 3.48 A cm-2 at 1.8 V is achieved, showcasing the potential of sPPS for application. The second chapter entails the identification and better understanding of a suitable and versatile reinforcement concept for creating robust membranes based on sPPS. To achieve this, the established homogeneously miscible acid-base polymer blends of sulfonated ionomers with poly(benzimidazole) (PBI, and its derivatives PBIO and PBIOO) are discussed in-depth and chosen for later systematic optimization in combination with sPPS. Since the origin of miscibility in PBI blends with sulfonated ionomers is insufficiently described in literature and could facilitate targeted design of new blend components, a model acid-base polymer blend system comprising pyridine-functionalized poly(sulfone) (PSU) is created. Pyridine groups of different basicity tethered to PSU in varying concentration are used to investigate the effect that interpolymer acid-base interaction strength and concentration have on miscibility in blends with 80 wt% S360, as derived from the blend membranes’ cross-sectional SEMs. High mutual compatibility is achieved at high concentration of weak interpolymer interaction, which is interpreted with regards to the observed miscibility in PBI blends. Based on the derived role that hydrogen bonds may play in PBI blends, the difference of interpolymer interaction in solution (during membrane formation) and in the dry membrane is described. This could enable the development of new blend concepts in the future. An exemplary miscible blend that comprises interpolymer hydrogen bonds only in solution but not in the final membrane is shown. The third chapter describes the optimization and balance of properties in the previously described polymer blends with PBIO, following the goal to prepare membranes which can be evaluated in fuel cells and fabricated on a wider scale in order to bring the attractive properties of sPPS into application. To achieve this, S360-blend membranes of varying PBIO content are characterized with regard to conductivity and mechanical properties in various conditions. High mechanical robustness is achieved in S360 blends with 30 wt% PBIO but is accompanied by dramatic reduction of conductivity, due to the charge-consuming acid-base interaction. The findings are translated into blends with fully sulfonated sPPS (termed S220, with IEC 4.54 meq g-1, EW 220 g mol-1) which allows for the creation of membranes that combine mechanical toughness with high conductivity at a ratio of 25 wt% PBIO in S220, making the material suited for production on a commercial casting line and fuel cell testing. Membranes based on S360 that comprise 15 wt% PBIO are designated for further studies in PEMWEs, where membrane requirements differ significantly from that in PEMFCs, highlighting the versatility of the reinforcement approach chosen in this work. Finally, first fuel cell tests of thin spray coated PBIO blend membranes are conducted, and initial durability testing of sPPS-based membranes in fuel cells is possible. Overall, the results presented in this work are strongly interrelated which underlines the importance of comprehensiveness in the successful viscoelastic reinforcement of sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfone)s. Ultimately, the blend membranes resulting from this work can be used as a platform for further development of sPPS-based PEMs in the future.