Browsing by Author "Li, Dandan"

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    Soft liver phantom with a hollow biliary system
    (2021) Tan, Xiangzhou; Li, Dandan; Jeong, Moonkwang; Yu, Tingting; Ma, Zhichao; Afat, Saif; Grund, Karl-Enrst; Qiu, Tian
    Hepatobiliary interventions are regarded as difficult minimally-invasive procedures that require experience and skills of physicians. To facilitate the surgical training, we develop a soft, high-fidelity and durable liver phantom with detailed morphology. The phantom is anatomically accurate and feasible for the multi-modality medical imaging, including computer tomography (CT), ultrasound, and endoscopy. The CT results show that the phantom resembles the detailed anatomy of real livers including the biliary ducts, with a spatial root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.7 ± 0.7 mm and 0.9 ± 0.2 mm for the biliary duct and the liver outer shape, respectively. The sonographic signals and the endoscopic appearance highly mimic those of the real organ. An electric sensing system was developed for the real-time quantitative tracking of the transhepatic puncturing needle. The fabrication method herein is accurate and reproducible, and the needle tracking system offers a robust and general approach to evaluate the centesis outcome.
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    Soft urinary bladder phantom for endoscopic training
    (2021) Choi, Eunjin; Waldbillig, Frank; Jeong, Moonkwang; Li, Dandan; Goyal, Rahul; Weber, Patricia; Miernik, Arkadiusz; Grüne, Britta; Hein, Simon; Suarez-Ibarrola, Rodrigo; Kriegmair, Maximilian Christian; Qiu, Tian
    Bladder cancer (BC) is the main disease in the urinary tract with a high recurrence rate and it is diagnosed by cystoscopy (CY). To train the CY procedures, a realistic bladder phantom with correct anatomy and physiological properties is highly required. Here, we report a soft bladder phantom (FlexBlad) that mimics many important features of a human bladder. Under filling, it shows a large volume expansion of more than 300% with a tunable compliance in the range of 12.2 ± 2.8 - 32.7 ± 5.4 mL cmH2O-1 by engineering the thickness of the bladder wall. By 3D printing and multi-step molding, detailed anatomical structures are represented on the inner bladder wall, including sub-millimeter blood vessels and reconfigurable bladder tumors. Endoscopic inspection and tumor biopsy were successfully performed. A multi-center study was carried out, where two groups of urologists with different experience levels executed consecutive CYs in the phantom and filled in questionnaires. The learning curves reveal that the FlexBlad has a positive effect in the endourological training across different skill levels. The statistical results validate the usability of the phantom as a valuable educational tool, and the dynamic feature expands its use as a versatile endoscopic training platform.