Browsing by Author "Wespel, Johannes"

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Open Access
Descriptions and their domains : the patterns of definiteness marking in French-related creoles
(2008) Wespel, Johannes; von Heusinger, Klaus (Prof. Dr.)
This dissertation is about the interpretation of definite descriptions. Definite descriptions are nominal expressions with a predicative core and possibly a special article form in languages that have one. Examples in English would be the table, or the king of France. Their defining semantic characteristic is that they pick out an unambiguous referent from the ensemble of things to which the nominal content can apply. The theory proposed here assumes that unambiguity is the common semantic feature of all definite descriptions, but at the same time it is fine-grained enough to accommodate several sub-types of descriptions one may want to posit out of theoretical and empirical considerations. The central idea is that the contextual nature of reference is of prime importance in assigning representations to nominal expressions. In the realm of definite descriptions, this means that unambiguity of reference is recognized as a domain-relative phenomenon. The bulk of this study is about finding out what sub-types of domain-relative reference there are. Results gained from theoretical considerations are substantiated by investigating data from French-related creole languages, which are believed to have a particularly transparent syntax-semantics mapping. Thus the distribution of the creole definite marker has some importance in judging whether certain notional distinctions are justified on empirical grounds. A four-tiered schema of definite descriptions emerges, differentiated by the specific ways in which the context interacts with unambiguity requirements. The significance of this classification beyond the languages investigated in the study is also discussed.