09 Philosophisch-historische Fakultät
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Item Open Access Alternation preferences affect focus marking in German and English differently(2023) Schauffler, NadjaThis study investigates the interplay between alternation preferences and corrective focus marking in the production of German and English speakers. Both languages prefer an alternation of strong and weak, and both use pitch accenting to indicate focus structure. The objective of the study is to determine whether the preference for rhythmic alternation can account for variations in the prosodic marking of focus. Contrary to previous claims, the results obtained from three production experiments indicate that rhythmic adjustment strategies do occur during focus marking. However, despite the similarities between the two languages, they employ different strategies when alternation and focus marking work in opposite directions. German speakers often employ a melodic alternation of high and low by realizing the first of two adjacent focus accents with a rising pitch accent (L*H), while English speakers frequently omit the first focus accent in clash contexts. This finding is further supported by a second experiment that investigates pitch accent clashes in rhythm rule contexts under various focus environments. The findings suggest that the preference for alternation can influence the prosodic marking of focus and contributes to variation in the realization of information-structure categories.Item Open Access Item Open Access The OV/VO word order change in early middle English(2001) Trips, Carola; Roberts, Ian (Prof. Dr.)This thesis tries to account for the word order change from OV to VO in the history of English. It is a well known fact that Old English mainly exhibited (embedded) clauses with OV word order but that Middle English texts 'suddenly' exhibit (embedded) clauses with VO order. The best known evidence for this change is the Peterborough Chronicle (1070-1154) where both patterns can be found. The question then is how this change took place, i.e., what factors caused the change from OV to VO. I claim here that the change is due to the external factor language contact, i.e., that the English language changed due to Scandinavian influence during the times of the great Scandinavian invasions in England.Item Open Access An overview of contact-induced morphosyntactic changes in Early English(2023) Walkden, George; Klemola, Juhani; Rainsford, ThomasThis chapter gives an overview of changes in morphology and syntax during the medieval English period that are plausibly induced or catalysed by language contact. Our emphasis is on accurately characterising the contact situations involved, and evaluating the evidence, rather than exhaustively listing every possible contact-induced change, and so the discussion is structured around a few case studies involving each of the three languages that medieval English was in most intense contact with: British Celtic, Old Norse, and Old French. We compare and contrast the contact situations in terms of van Coetsem’s (1988) distinction between borrowing and imposition and Trudgill’s (2011) framework of sociolinguistic typology.Item Open Access Borders turning into escapes : a novel approach to borderscapes in Michelle Gallen's Bildungsromane "Big Girl, Small Town" and "Factory Girls"(2023) Rosenberger, LisaThe protagonists of Michelle Gallen’s novels Big Girl, Small Town (2020) and Factory Girls (2022) both struggle with their coming-of-age process due to the remoteness of their hometowns and the lack of parental support and guidance. Considering the novels’ placement near the border of Northern Ireland, the context of border studies opens a wide range for interpreting Gallen’s Bildungsromane with a focus on the importance of borders in the life of her protagonists Majella and Maeve, respectively. Especially the area of investigating borderscapes - namely, the borders and their surrounding landscapes - is an effective tool to approach the Bildungsroman’s individual coming-of-age stages as the protagonists’ thresholds in their psychological, emotional, and moral development.Item Open Access Intertexts in City of Glass as a way to represent ambiguity and fragmentation of meaning in human language - a comparison between the novel and the graphic novel(2019) Wuggenig, JuliaCity of Glass by Paul Auster, which appeared in 1985, is a postmodern novel which deals with the senselessness of modern life and the loss of identity and fragmentation due to a loss of meaning. It is the first part of the New York Trilogy and stages like the following parts Ghosts and The Locked Room with detective quests. (Shiloh 35) City of Glass consists of a web of intertextual references which are referring to other works of literature. Such as Quinn’s identity is fragmented by the various identities he took on, the whole novel is fragmented by the intrusion of various intertexts. The arbitrariness of meaning in human language is exemplified through the intertextual level of Paradise Lost by John Milton. This arbitrariness of the linguistic sign and therefore the arbitrariness of meaning in human language suggests that there is also an ambiguity of identity which has always been an important issue in the oeuvre of Paul Auster. A loss of identity is reflected through an intertextual level the text is working with by referencing Don Quixote, a 19th century novel by Miguel de Cervantes. As the intertexts stand for a fragmented identity, we shall look at how the intertextual level is represented in the City of Glass the graphic novel.