11 Interfakultäre Einrichtungen

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/handle/11682/12

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Open Access
Addressing goal conflicts : new policy mixes for commercial land use management
(2022) Kosow, Hannah; Wassermann, Sandra; Bartke, Stephan; Goede, Paul; Grimski, Detlef; Imbert, Ines; Jenssen, Till; Laukel, Oliver; Proske, Matthias; Protzer, Jochen; Schumacher, Kim Philip; Siedentop, Stefan; Wagner-Endres, Sandra; Wittekind, Jürgen; Zimmermann, Karsten
Commercial land use management that focuses on a future-oriented urban and regional development must address multiple goals. Effective policy mixes need to simultaneously (1) improve city-regional and inter-municipal cooperation, (2) reduce land take, and (3) assure the long-term economic development of a region. Using the Northern Black Forest in Germany as a case study, we brought together planning and land use research with public policy analysis. We applied cross-impact balances (CIB) to build and analyze a participatory policy-interaction model. Together with a group of 12 experts, we selected effective individual measures to reach each of the three goals and analyzed their interactions. We then assessed the current policy mix and designed alternative policy mixes. The results demonstrate that current approaches to commercial land use management present internal contradictions and generate only little synergies. Implementing innovative measures on a stand-alone basis runs the risk of not being sufficiently effective. In particular, the current practice of competing for municipal marketing and planning of commercial sites has inhibiting effects. We identified alternative policy mixes that achieve all three goals, avoid trade-offs, and generate significant synergy effects. Our results point towards a more coherent and sustainable city-regional (commercial) land-use governance.
Open Access
AGRI|gen : analysis and design of a parametric modular system for vertical urban agriculture
(2023) Ghazal, Iyad; Mansour, Reema; Davidová, Marie
While many studies were done about green facades’ thermal performance, limited studies were done about green facades for productive farming. Most focused only on one facade or building. According to that, this research questioned what the potentials of farming on facades and roofs in an entire neighbourhood are and what could such a farming system looks like, and what it costs. To address these questions, a literature review about urban farming and possible crops was done. A neighbourhood of 22 multi-floor residential buildings in Nablus\Palestine, was chosen as a case study, and two parametric tools, one for analysis (AGRI|gen\Analysis) and another for design (AGRI|gen\design) were developed and implemented. The study found that in the chosen neighbourhood, existing facades can provide about 28,500 m2 of farming area, but only half of the facades and all of the roofs were suitable for daylight-based farming. Tomatoes and cucumbers can be farmed on 25% and 33% of the facades, respectively, to fulfil about 350% and 237% of tomatoes and cucumbers consumption by the same neighbourhood simultaneously. Roofs were found to be more suitable for high DLI-requiring plants like sweet peppers as they can produce more than 315 times the local consumption. In terms of design, a modular adaptive facade system was designed to fit the neighbourhood to enhance the farming possibilities. The facade system needed about 40,824 modular units of which 73.3%, 10.1%, 8.7%, and 8% of them were LED, PV, Sensor, and fan units respectively, with an average system cost of about $55.2\m2 and a total cost of $1.7M. Finally, a comparison between the system and a proposed vertical farm building in the same region was done, and then related recommendations by the researcher were suggested. This research highlights the potential for productive farming on facades and roofs, which could contribute to sustainable and resilient cities.
Open Access
Akteurskonflikten in der Energiewende gegensteuern : Impulse für die Instrumentenentwicklung : Impulspapier - SyKonaS
(Stuttgart : Verbundvorhaben SyKonaS, Koordination: Zentrum für interdisziplinäre Risiko- und Innovationsforschung der Universität Stuttgart (ZIRIUS), 2024) Jaschek, Carolin; León, Christian D.; Liebhart, Laura; Püttner, Andreas; Wolf, Patrick; Klug, Katharina; Otto, Jonas; Wegner, Nils; Dreyer, Marion; Dreyer, Marion (Redaktion); Dratsdrummer, Frank (Redaktion); Witzel, Bianca (Redaktion)
Dieses Impulspapier adressiert gesellschaftliche Energiewendekonflikte als politisches und rechtliches Handlungsfeld und präsentiert eine Reihe von Instrumentenoptionen für die Bearbeitung von bereits bestehenden und möglichen zukünftigen Akteurskonflikten im Kontext der Energiewende. Der Fokus liegt auf der Konfliktbearbeitung bei der Transformation des Stromsektors und auf drei ausgewählten Konfliktfeldern: Gerechtigkeit und Kosten-/Lastenverteilung, Flächennutzung und Partizipation.
Open Access
Analyzing the generalization capabilities of a hybrid hydrological model for extrapolation to extreme events
(2025) Acuña Espinoza, Eduardo; Loritz, Ralf; Kratzert, Frederik; Klotz, Daniel; Gauch, Martin; Álvarez Chaves, Manuel; Ehret, Uwe
Data-driven techniques have shown the potential to outperform process-based models in rainfall–runoff simulation. Recently, hybrid models, which combine data-driven methods with process-based approaches, have been proposed to leverage the strengths of both methodologies, aiming to enhance simulation accuracy while maintaining a certain interpretability. Expanding the set of test cases to evaluate hybrid models under different conditions, we test their generalization capabilities for extreme hydrological events, comparing their performance against long short-term memory (LSTM) networks and process-based models. Our results indicate that hybrid models show performance similar to that of the LSTM network for most cases. However, hybrid models reported slightly lower errors in the most extreme cases and were able to produce higher peak discharges.
Open Access
Anti-Zeno purification of spin baths by quantum probe measurements
(2022) Dasari, Durga Bhaktavatsala Rao; Yang, Sen; Chakrabarti, Arnab; Finkler, Amit; Kurizki, Gershon; Wrachtrup, Jörg
The quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno paradigms have thus far addressed the evolution control of a quantum system coupled to an immutable bath via non-selective measurements performed at appropriate intervals. We fundamentally modify these paradigms by introducing, theoretically and experimentally, the concept of controlling the bath state via selective measurements of the system (a qubit). We show that at intervals corresponding to the anti-Zeno regime of the system-bath exchange, a sequence of measurements has strongly correlated outcomes. These correlations can dramatically enhance the bath-state purity and yield a low-entropy steady state of the bath. The purified bath state persists long after the measurements are completed. Such purification enables the exploitation of spin baths as long-lived quantum memories or as quantum-enhanced sensors. The experiment involved a repeatedly probed defect center dephased by a nuclear spin bath in a diamond at low-temperature.
Open Access
Aspekte des Change Management in großen koordinierten Systemverbünden
(2019) Königsberger, Jan; Mitschang, Bernhard (Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil.)
Diese Arbeit untersucht verschiedene Aspekte von Änderungsvorhaben im Rahmen großer Systemverbünde in serviceorientierten Architekturen (SOA). Entsprechende Änderungsaktivitäten und -prozesse werden unter dem Begriff Change Management zusammengefasst und sind ein Teilbereich der SOA Governance. Die SOA Governance definiert Prozesse und Richtlinien zur Steuerung und Überwachung einer SOA. Änderungsprozesse müssen für jede Änderung an einem Bestandteil eines SOA-Systemverbundes, wie etwa eines Services oder seiner Schnittstellen, durchlaufen werden. Daher ist es essentiell, dass solche Prozesse klar dokumentiert und möglichst schlank gehalten werden. Aufgrund der Komplexität eines Systemverbundes ist die Unterstützung der Änderungsprozesse durch spezialisierte Softwareanwendungen unabdingbar zur effizienten Durchführung von Änderungsvorhaben. Das übergeordnete Ziel dieser Arbeit ist daher die Entwicklung von Methoden und Verfahren zur Unterstützung der Änderungsprozesse und der Governance serviceorientierter Architekturen. Zur Erreichung dieses Ziel liefert die vorliegende Arbeit mehrere Beiträge. Es werden zunächst Möglichkeiten zur Vereinfachung der Integration von neuen Service-Consumern in eine SOA vorgestellt. Hierzu wurde das Konzept der Business Objects plus entwickelt. Dieses zielt auf eine Vereinheitlichung von häufig genutzten Datenobjekten über Domänengrenzen hinweg ab, wodurch die Anbindung von Consumern vereinfacht wird. Einen weiteren Beitrag aus diesem Themenfeld stellt die REST-to-SOAP-Middleware Architecture dar. Sie ermöglicht die Anbindung von existierenden, klassischen SOAP-basierten Webservices in Anwendungsfällen, die das leichtgewichtigere REST-Architekturparadigma nutzen. Durch den Einsatz moderner Technologien können sich neue Möglichkeiten bei der Entwicklung von Softwaresystemen eröffnen. Konkret untersucht diese Arbeit dazu die Einsatzmöglichkeiten semantischer Technologien in der Entwicklung eines SOA-Governance-Informationssystems, das Stakeholdern einer SOA eine effiziente Erledigung ihrer Aufgaben ermöglichen soll. Ein weiterer wichtiger Themenkomplex ist die Durchführung von Software- und Schnittstellentests im Rahmen eines Änderungsprozesses. Insbesondere in einem Systemverbund sind dabei eine Vielzahl an Abhängigkeiten zwischen Systemen und Services zu beachten. Diese Arbeit liefert dazu eine Methode zur Risikobewertung von Änderungen, wodurch eine zielgerichtete und ressourcenschonende Testdurchführung ermöglicht wird. Zur Unterstützung der Testplanung und -durchführung wurde in einem weiteren Beitrag ein Konzept zur automatischen Generierung und Optimierung von Testzeitplänen entwickelt, welches existierende Abhängigkeiten und Randbedingungen mit einbezieht, durch die eine manuelle Erstellung eines solchen Zeitplans komplex wäre. Die in dieser Arbeit entwickelten Methoden und Konzepte wurden als Prototyp eines SOA-Governance-Informationssystems, dem SOA Governance Repository implementiert, das ebenfalls vorgestellt wird.
Open Access
Assessing the immediate effects of detached mindfulness on repetitive negative thinking and affect in daily life : a randomized controlled trial
(2024) Bolzenkötter, Teresa; Bürkner, Paul-Christian; Zetsche, Ulrike; Schulze, Lars
Objectives. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a problematic thinking style that is related to multiple mental disorders. Detached mindfulness is a technique of metacognitive therapy that aims to reduce RNT. Our study set out to investigate the immediate effects of detached mindfulness in daily life. Methods. Participants with elevated trait RNT ( n = 50) were prompted to engage in detached mindfulness exercises three times a day for 5 consecutive days. Immediate effects on RNT and affect were assessed 15 and 30 min after each exercise using experience sampling methodology. We compared the effects of this exercise phase to (1) a 5-day non-exercise baseline phase and (2) a different group of participants that engaged in an active control exercise ( n = 50). Results. Results of Bayesian multilevel models showed that, across groups, improvements in RNT, negative affect, and positive affect were stronger during the exercise phase than during the non-exercise baseline phase (RNT after 15 min: b = -0.26, 95% CI = [-0.38, -0.14]). However, the two exercise groups did not differ in these improvements (RNT after 15 min: b = 0.02, 95% CI = [-0.22, 0.27]). Thus, the detached mindfulness and the active control exercises resulted in similar effects on RNT and affect in daily life. Conclusions. Results of this study imply that there was no additional benefit of having participants observe their thoughts detached and non-judgmentally, compared to excluding these assumed mechanisms of action as done for the active control group. We discuss possible reasons for the non-difference between the groups.
Open Access
Association between vitamin D status and eryptosis : results from the German National Cohort study
(2023) Ewendt, Franz; Schmitt, Marvin; Kluttig, Alexander; Kühn, Julia; Hirche, Frank; Kraus, Frank B.; Ludwig-Kraus, Beatrice; Mikolajczyk, Rafael; Wätjen, Wim; Bürkner, Paul-Christian; Föller, Michael; Stangl, Gabriele I.
Vitamin D, besides its classical effect on mineral homeostasis and bone remodeling, can also modulate apoptosis. A special form of apoptosis termed eryptosis appears in erythrocytes. Eryptosis is characterized by cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, and cell membrane phospholipid disorganization and associated with diseases such as sepsis, malaria or iron deficiency, and impaired microcirculation. To our knowledge, this is the first study that linked vitamin D with eryptosis in humans. This exploratory cross-sectional trial investigated the association between the vitamin D status assessed by the concentration of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and eryptosis. Plasma 25(OH)D was analyzed by LC-MS/MS, and eryptosis was estimated from annexin V-FITC-binding erythrocytes by FACS analysis in 2074 blood samples from participants of the German National Cohort Study. We observed a weak but clear correlation between low vitamin D status and increased eryptosis ( r = − 0.15; 95% CI [− 0.19, − 0.10]). There were no differences in plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D and eryptosis between male and female subjects. This finding raises questions of the importance of vitamin D status for eryptosis in terms of increased risk for anemia or cardiovascular events.
Open Access
Autonome Entscheidungsfindung in der Produktionssteuerung komplexer Werkstattfertigungen
(Stuttgart : Fraunhofer Verlag, 2020) Waschneck, Bernd; Bauernhansl, Thomas (Prof. Dr.-Ing.)
Die Variabilität in der kundenindividuellen Massenproduktion stellt eine enorme Herausforderung für die industrielle Fertigung dar. Die komplexe Werkstattfertigung als Produktionsprinzip eignet sich aufgrund der inhärenten Flexibilität besonders für die kundenindividuelle Massenproduktion. Allerdings sind die bestehenden Methodiken für die Produktionssteuerung einer Werkstattfertigung für die Einmal- oder Wiederholproduktion ausgelegt, was zu Defiziten in der Massenproduktion führt. Entweder ist die globale Qualität der Ergebnisse suboptimal oder die notwendige Echtzeitfähigkeit in der Entscheidungsfindung kann nicht bereitgestellt werden. Zudem entsteht durch Veränderungen und Anpassungen der Produktionssteuerung einer komplexen Werkstattfertigung ein hoher manueller Aufwand. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Methodik für eine dezentrale, selbstorganisierte und autonome Produktionssteuerung für eine Werkstattfertigung entwickelt, die dazu beiträgt, mit der zunehmenden Komplexität und dem Produktionsvolumen umzugehen. Dabei wird die Produktion als Reinforcement-Learning-Modell formalisiert, das die Grundlage für das autonome Lernen einer Strategie zur Optimierung der Abarbeitungsreihenfolge bildet. Mehrere kooperative Deep-Q-Network-Agenten werden in diesem Modell darauf trainiert, eine Strategie zu finden, die eine gegebene Bewertungsfunktion - meist ein Key Performance Indicator aus der Produktion - maximiert. Die Neuronalen Netze, in denen die erlernte Entscheidungslogik der Deep-Q-Network-Agenten abgebildet ist, werden nach der Trainingsphase in die Produktion übertragen. Der Multi-Agenten-Ansatz trägt dazu bei, dass der Lernvorgang beschleunigt wird und im produktiven Einsatz durch die Dezentralität Entscheidungen schneller bestimmt werden können. Die Erprobung der Methodik in zwei praxisnahen Fallbeispielen aus der Halbleiterindustrie zeigt ihre Leistungsfähigkeit. In beiden Fallbeispielen konnten Strategien zur Optimierung der Abarbeitungsreihenfolge auf oder über Expertenniveau autonom erlernt werden. Konkret konnte dadurch im zweiten Fallbeispiel der Anteil verspäteter Aufträge in einer Technologieklasse von 17, 0 % auf 1, 3 % reduziert werden. Abgerundet wird die Arbeit durch eine Einordnung in das soziotechnische System „Fabrik“, in der die Umsetzung der Reihenfolgeentscheidungen durch die Werker betrachtet wird. Dabei wird offensichtlich, dass die Optimierung der Produktionssteuerung ganzheitlich unter Einbeziehung der Werker in einem kontinuierlichen Verbesserungsprozess erfolgen muss.
Open Access
Beitrag zur Modellierung und Simulation des Strahlzerfalls bei der pneumatischen Lackzerstäubung
(2020) Shen, Bo; Westkämper, Engelbert (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Prof. E.h. Dr.-Ing. E.h. Dr. h.c. mult.)
Der Zerstäubungsprozess ist der zentrale Vorgang bei der Spritzlackierung. Bei pneumatischen Zerstäubern wird der Lack durch Zerstäubungsgase, die mit Hochgeschwindigkeit strömen, zerlegt. Der Einfluss der Eigenschaften der Zerstäubungsgase auf die Zerstäubung und den gesamten Spritzvorgang wird zuerst im Rahmen dieser Arbeit durch experimentelle und numerische Untersuchungen studiert. Hierbei ist festzustellen, dass Gase mit geringerer Dichte höhere Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten nahe am Zerstäuber erzielen und damit eine bessere Zerstäubung bewirken. Gleichzeitig fällt die Gasgeschwindigkeit schneller wieder ab, wodurch der Staudruck minimiert wird und ein hoher Lackauftragswirkungsgrad erzielt werden kann. Anschließend fokussiert diese Arbeit auf numerische Untersuchungen zum Primärzerfall von Flüssigkeitsstrahlen unter Verwendung der Volume-of-Fluid-Methode (VOF). In der Simulation sind unterschiedliche Zerfallserscheinungen zu beobachten. Die Länge des intakten Flüssigkeitsstrahls, welche häufig als Maßstab zur Bewertung der Zerstäubungsqualität verwendet wird, lässt sich ebenfalls bestimmen. Zum Herausfinden der Bedingungen für einen effizienten Primärzerfall werden zwei Zerfallsindizes eingeführt. Eine negative Korrelation zwischen den Zerfallsindizes und dem dynamischen Druckverhältnis ist festzustellen. Schließlich wird der Stahlzerfall separat mittels einer Hochgeschwindigkeitskamera und eines Laserbeugungssystems untersucht. Die erzielten Ergebnisse werden mit den Simulationsergebnissen verglichen.
Open Access
Concepts and methods for the design, configuration and selection of machine learning solutions in manufacturing
(2021) Villanueva Zacarias, Alejandro Gabriel; Mitschang, Bernhard (Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil.)
The application of Machine Learning (ML) techniques and methods is common practice in manufacturing companies. They assign teams to the development of ML solutions to support individual use cases. This dissertation refers as ML solution to the set of software components and learning algorithms to deliver a predictive capability based on available use case data, their (hyper) paremeters and technical settings. Currently, development teams face four challenges that complicate the development of ML solutions. First, they lack a formal approach to specify ML solutions that can trace the impact of individual solution components on domain-specific requirements. Second, they lack an approach to document the configurations chosen to build an ML solution, therefore ensuring the reproducibility of the performance obtained. Third, they lack an approach to recommend and select ML solutions that is intuitive for non ML experts. Fourth, they lack a comprehensive sequence of steps that ensures both best practices and the consideration of technical and domain-specific aspects during the development process. Overall, the inability to address these challenges leads to longer development times and higher development costs, as well as less suitable ML solutions that are more difficult to understand and to reuse. This dissertation presents concepts to address these challenges. They are Axiomatic Design for Machine Learning (AD4ML), the ML solution profiling framework and AssistML. AD4ML is a concept for the structured and agile specification of ML solutions. AD4ML establishes clear relationships between domain-specific requirements and concrete software components. AD4ML specifications can thus be validated regarding domain expert requirements before implementation. The ML solution profiling framework employs metadata to document important characteristics of data, technical configurations, and parameter values of software components as well as multiple performance metrics. These metadata constitute the foundations for the reproducibility of ML solutions. AssistML recommends ML solutions for new use cases. AssistML searches among documented ML solutions those that better fulfill the performance preferences of the new use case. The selected solutions are then presented to decision-makers in an intuitive way. Each of these concepts was evaluated and implemented. Combined, these concepts offer development teams a technology-agnostic approach to build ML solutions. The use of these concepts brings multiple benefits, i. e., shorter development times, more efficient development projects, and betterinformed decisions about the development and selection of ML solutions.
Open Access
Context scenarios of the German Energy Transition : a data collection for the analysis of the socio-political framework of a socio-technical transformation
(2020) Weimer-Jehle, Wolfgang; Prehofer, Sigrid; Hauser, Wolfgang; Bräutigam, Klaus-Rainer (Translator); Buchgeister, Jens (Translator); Kopfmüller, Jürgen (Translator)
An expert survey about the socio-technical context of the German Energy Transformation is described and selected results are reported. Major socio-technical drivers of the energy system and its evolution were identified, alternative futures for each driver were derived based on literature review and expert questioning. Using the framework of Cross-Impact Balance Analysis, the interrelations between the possible futures of the drivers were estimated by a series of expert interviews.
Open Access
Coordinating with a robot partner affects neural processing related to action monitoring
(2021) Czeszumski, Artur; Gert, Anna L.; Keshava, Ashima; Ghadirzadeh, Ali; Kalthoff, Tilman; Ehinger, Benedikt V.; Tiessen, Max; Björkman, Mårten; Kragic, Danica; König, Peter
Robots start to play a role in our social landscape, and they are progressively becoming responsive, both physically and socially. It begs the question of how humans react to and interact with robots in a coordinated manner and what the neural underpinnings of such behavior are. This exploratory study aims to understand the differences in human-human and human-robot interactions at a behavioral level and from a neurophysiological perspective. For this purpose, we adapted a collaborative dynamical paradigm from the literature. We asked 12 participants to hold two corners of a tablet while collaboratively guiding a ball around a circular track either with another participant or a robot. In irregular intervals, the ball was perturbed outward creating an artificial error in the behavior, which required corrective measures to return to the circular track again. Concurrently, we recorded electroencephalography (EEG). In the behavioral data, we found an increased velocity and positional error of the ball from the track in the human-human condition vs. human-robot condition. For the EEG data, we computed event-related potentials. We found a significant difference between human and robot partners driven by significant clusters at fronto-central electrodes. The amplitudes were stronger with a robot partner, suggesting a different neural processing. All in all, our exploratory study suggests that coordinating with robots affects action monitoring related processing. In the investigated paradigm, human participants treat errors during human-robot interaction differently from those made during interactions with other humans. These results can improve communication between humans and robot with the use of neural activity in real-time.
Open Access
Cultural environments with more-than-human perspectives : prototyping through research and training
(2023) Davidová, Marie; Barath, Shany; Dickinson, Susannah
Open Access
Daily emotion regulation in major depression and borderline personality disorder
(2023) Zetsche, Ulrike; Bürkner, Paul-Christian; Bohländer, Julian; Renneberg, Babette; Roepke, Stefan; Schulze, Lars
Emotional disturbances are an inherent aspect of most mental disorders and possibly driven by impaired emotion regulation. In the present study, we examined how exactly affected individuals differ from healthy individuals in regulating their emotions and whether individuals suffering from different mental disorders face similar or distinct difficulty in emotion regulation. We overcome earlier methodological constraints by using a 7-day experience sampling assessing the employment and effectiveness of six regulation strategies real time in 55 individuals with current major depressive disorder, 52 individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD), and 55 healthy individuals. All participants were female. Both clinical groups employed rumination and suppression more often and acceptance less often than healthy individuals. Depressed individuals ruminated even more often than individuals with BPD. Expressive suppression and rumination showed negative effects on subsequent emotions in all groups. Remarkably, both clinical groups were able to benefit from adaptive regulation strategies if they did select them.
Open Access
Data processing, analysis, and evaluation methods for co-design of coreless filament-wound building systems
(2023) Gil Pérez, Marta; Mindermann, Pascal; Zechmeister, Christoph; Forster, David; Guo, Yanan; Hügle, Sebastian; Kannenberg, Fabian; Balangé, Laura; Schwieger, Volker; Middendorf, Peter; Bischoff, Manfred; Menges, Achim; Gresser, Götz T.; Knippers, Jan
Open Access
Degradation rate location dependency of photovoltaic systems
(2020) Frick, Alexander; Makrides, George; Schubert, Markus; Schlecht, Matthias; Georghiou, George E.
A main challenge towards ensuring improved lifetime performance and reduction of financial risks of photovoltaic (PV) technologies remains the accurate degradation quantification of field systems and the dependency of this performance loss rate to climatic conditions. The purpose of this study is to address these technological issues by presenting a unified methodology for accurately calculating the degradation rate (𝑅𝐷) of PV systems and provide evidence that degradation mechanisms are location dependent. The method followed included the application of data inference and time series analytics, in the scope of comparing the long-term 𝑅𝐷 of different crystalline Silicon (c-Si) PV systems, installed at different climatic locations. The application of data quality and filtering steps ensured data fidelity for the 𝑅𝐷 analysis. The yearly 𝑅𝐷 results demonstrated that the adopted time series analytical techniques converged after 7 years and were in close agreement to the degradation results obtained from indoor standardized procedures. Finally, the initial hypothesis that the 𝑅𝐷 is location dependent was verified, since the multicrystalline silicon (multi-c-Si) systems at the warm climatic region exhibited higher degradation compared to the respective systems at the moderate climate. For the investigated monocrystalline silicon (mono-c-Si) systems the location-dependency is also affected by the manufacturing technology.
Open Access
Development of a bioinspired multimodal mobile robot platform
(2024) Kim, HyunGyu; Sitti, Metin (Prof. Dr.)
Open Access
Editorial - rapid, reproducible, and robust environmental modeling for decision support : worked examples and open-source software tools
(2023) White, Jeremy T.; Fienen, Michael N.; Moore, Catherine R.; Guthke, Anneli
Open Access
The effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
(2022) Morina, Nexhmedin; Seidemann, Julienne; Andor, Tanja; Sondern, Lisa; Bürkner, Paul‐Christian; Drenckhan, Isabelle; Buhlmann, Ulrike
Numerous randomized controlled trials have shown cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) to be effective in treating social anxiety disorder (SAD). Yet, less is known about the effectiveness of CBT for SAD conducted by psychotherapists in training in routine clinical practice. In this study, 231 patients with SAD were treated with CBT under routine conditions and were examined at pre‐ and post‐treatment as well as at 6 and 12 months follow‐up. We applied self‐reports to assess symptoms of SAD (defined as primary outcome), depression and psychological distress (defined as secondary outcome). We conducted both completer and intent‐to‐treat analyses and also assessed the reliability of change with the reliable change index. Results revealed significant reductions in symptoms of SAD between pre‐ and post‐assessments, with effect sizes ranging from d = 0.9 to 1.2. Depending on the SAD specific questionnaire applied, 47.8% to 73.5% of the sample showed a reliable positive change, whereas 1.9% to 3.8% showed a reliable negative change. Depressive symptoms and psychological distress also decreased significantly from pre‐ to post‐assessment, with large effect sizes. Significant treatment gains regarding both primary and secondary outcomes were further observed at 6 and 12 months follow‐up. The current findings based on a large sample of patients suggest that psychotherapists in CBT training working under routine conditions can effectively treat symptoms of SAD, depression and psychological distress.