11 Interfakultäre Einrichtungen

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Institute: search.filters.UBSInstitut.Stuttgarter Zentrum für Simulationswissenschaften (SC SimTech)Subject: search.filters.subject.150

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    The effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
    (2022) Morina, Nexhmedin; Seidemann, Julienne; Andor, Tanja; Sondern, Lisa; Bürkner, Paul‐Christian; Drenckhan, Isabelle; Buhlmann, Ulrike
    Numerous randomized controlled trials have shown cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) to be effective in treating social anxiety disorder (SAD). Yet, less is known about the effectiveness of CBT for SAD conducted by psychotherapists in training in routine clinical practice. In this study, 231 patients with SAD were treated with CBT under routine conditions and were examined at pre‐ and post‐treatment as well as at 6 and 12 months follow‐up. We applied self‐reports to assess symptoms of SAD (defined as primary outcome), depression and psychological distress (defined as secondary outcome). We conducted both completer and intent‐to‐treat analyses and also assessed the reliability of change with the reliable change index. Results revealed significant reductions in symptoms of SAD between pre‐ and post‐assessments, with effect sizes ranging from d = 0.9 to 1.2. Depending on the SAD specific questionnaire applied, 47.8% to 73.5% of the sample showed a reliable positive change, whereas 1.9% to 3.8% showed a reliable negative change. Depressive symptoms and psychological distress also decreased significantly from pre‐ to post‐assessment, with large effect sizes. Significant treatment gains regarding both primary and secondary outcomes were further observed at 6 and 12 months follow‐up. The current findings based on a large sample of patients suggest that psychotherapists in CBT training working under routine conditions can effectively treat symptoms of SAD, depression and psychological distress.
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    Interpretation bias across body dysmorphic, social anxiety and generalized anxiety disorder : a multilevel, diffusion model account
    (2021) Dietel, Fanny Alexandra; Möllmann, Anne; Bürkner, Paul-Christian; Wilhelm, Sabine; Buhlmann, Ulrike
    Interpretation biases are suggested to be transdiagnostic phenomena, but have rarely been compared across different disorders and current concerns. We investigated explicit, decision-based, and more implicit, reaction time-based interpretation bias in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD; N = 29), social anxiety disorder (SAD; N = 36), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; N = 22), and non-clinical controls (NC; N = 32), using an adapted Word Sentence Association Paradigm (WSAP). Results indicated that interpretation bias occurred transdiagnostically, while content-specific bias patterns varied meaningfully across groups. BDD and SAD shared explicit and, more inconsistently, implicit interpretation biases for appearance-related and social situations. The GAD group exhibited an explicit and implicit negative interpretation bias for general situations, and an additional implicit lack of positive bias. Mechanistic Wiener diffusion model analyses revealed that interpretation bias patterns were mainly driven by speeded information uptake, potentially mirroring disorder-specific associative memory organization. These findings have important implications for understanding interpretation biases as both etiological and treatment factors.
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    Daily emotion regulation in major depression and borderline personality disorder
    (2023) Zetsche, Ulrike; Bürkner, Paul-Christian; Bohländer, Julian; Renneberg, Babette; Roepke, Stefan; Schulze, Lars
    Emotional disturbances are an inherent aspect of most mental disorders and possibly driven by impaired emotion regulation. In the present study, we examined how exactly affected individuals differ from healthy individuals in regulating their emotions and whether individuals suffering from different mental disorders face similar or distinct difficulty in emotion regulation. We overcome earlier methodological constraints by using a 7-day experience sampling assessing the employment and effectiveness of six regulation strategies real time in 55 individuals with current major depressive disorder, 52 individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD), and 55 healthy individuals. All participants were female. Both clinical groups employed rumination and suppression more often and acceptance less often than healthy individuals. Depressed individuals ruminated even more often than individuals with BPD. Expressive suppression and rumination showed negative effects on subsequent emotions in all groups. Remarkably, both clinical groups were able to benefit from adaptive regulation strategies if they did select them.