02 Fakultät Bau- und Umweltingenieurwissenschaften

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/handle/11682/3

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Institute: search.filters.UBSInstitut.Institut für Siedlungswasserbau, Wassergüte- und AbfallwirtschaftPublication Type: search.filters.UBSTyp.Abschlussarbeit (Master)

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Investigation on the removal of selected organic micropollutants from municipal wastewater by trickling filters and sand filters
    (2019) Ghorban, Shima
    Recently several different types of organic micropollutants are detected in the aquatic environment as a result of inadequate wastewater treatment. The adverse effects of the various micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, herbicides and industrial chemicals with concentrations less than 1 μgL-1 on the ecosystem are challenging to be assessed. Thus, sufficient approaches are indispensable to curtail the negative impacts that these substances may have on the environment and human health. Much research was done especially in the recent years on the fate and removal of these emerging contaminants from wastewater by different measures. In this work, a systematic literature review (SLR) is conducted to determine the current state of research in micropollutant removal around the globe which discovers the existing approaches for micropollutant treatment and enables applying an unbiased evaluation. Then one of the identified approaches (sand filter and trickling filter) which is the objective of this study was investigated, and the removal behavior of micropollutants by this method was experimented. The influent and effluent of the trickling filters and sand filters in LFKW wastewater treatment plant were taken and the effect of biodegradation and sorption on the removal of the compounds was investigated. Micropollutant analysis regarding non-polar substances was performed bygas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) while high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MSMS) was applied instead for polar compounds. Furthermore, the molecular orbital energies of the substances were investigated. UV/Vis spectrophotometry and DOC analysis were other experimental approaches that have been used in order to shed some light on the behavior of these contaminants. As a result of this study, micropollutants are classified in different groups based on their physical-chemical properties, providing it as an essential factor affecting micropollutant removal behavior. Moreover, different correlations between the physical-chemical properties and the micropollutants elimination are assessed.
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    Evaluating SDG Indicators 6.1.1 and 6.2.1 taking into Consideration the Importance of Gender Equality
    (2018) Kramer, Hanna Katharina
    The present thesis examines the selected indicators to monitor the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets 6.1 and 6.2 of the 2030 Agenda adopted at the United Nations in 2015. It gives an overview of the most important theoretical concepts of indicator development. To evaluate the indicators, further research was done on the interrelation of gender and Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), and the concrete challenges women and girls must face. This includes an overall look at the human right principle of equality and the requirements for the human right to water and sanitation. A Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) comprising World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) is recently responsible for monitoring SDGs 6.1 and 6.2. The programme developed so-called service ladders for monitoring the achievements of the targets. This work continued with the idea of these service ladders and advanced those through the inclusion of all elements of the human right criteria to water and sanitation. Thereby the indicator covers a broader range of aspects stated by the target. Including the target statement, to pay special attention to the needs of women and girls. Furthermore, the application of these service ladders is part of this work. This was possible in the course of a case study in Peru. In order to close existing data gaps and to support the application of the advance service ladders, a Transect Walk has been conducted in San Andrés de Tupicocha/ Huarochirí. The Transect Walk proved to be a valuable instrument in collecting treasured information which goes beyond survey data from national censuses. The use of the indicators in San Andrés de Tupicocha has shown that it is possible with simple means to monitor other aspects of the target, in the awareness of the urgency to leave no one behind to achieve equality and sustainability. In addition to the Transect Walk, the case study included interviews of different institutions like research institutions, public entities, and NGOs to gain an insight into the views of the various stakeholders on the subject.
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    Assessment of selected micropollutants and the effect of rain events in wastewater treatment plant and its receiving water body
    (2017) Riyahi, Amir
    Frequent detection of micropollutants in municipal wastewater raise the concern of these non-regulated pollutants and their adverse effects on aquatic life. The lack of comprehensive investigation and regulations in water policies regarded to micropollutants behavior may lead to the contamination of water resources. In contemplation of extending the groundwork for future water policies, an assessment of the behavior of micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals, personal care products and pesticides have been accomplished. Observation of the diurnal behavior, effect of rain events and combined sewer overflows, evaluation of comportment of conventional parameters and heavy metals with micropollutants and an estimation of average diurnal load per capita have been the objectives of this study. The influent and effluent of the wastewater treatment plant of Herbolzheim, its receiving water body and the combined sewer overflows in its catchment area have been investigated. In regard to non-polar substances, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry has been applied, whereas high performance liquid chromatography was used for polar micropollutants. Comparative demonstration of conventional parameters affirms the reliability of results to be compared with the micropollutants. Influent of Triclosan seems to follow a similar pattern as turbidity; moreover, the fluctuation of the ammonium and pharmaceuticals appears to be resemblance due to the same source of diffuse. Furthermore, the elimination percentage for different substances ranges from no degradation for substances such as Carbamazepine, to almost complete removal of 99% for the Ibuprofen. Correlation between the spectral absorption coefficient and the pharmaceuticals as well as turbidity and Triclosan seems to be strong; additionally the strength of the correlation among ammonium and the pharmaceuticals is related to the frequency of consumption of pharmaceuticals. The average effluent concentrations of this study in comparison with other studies in Europe and the state of Baden-Württemberg have been introduced. Influent load fluctuations seem to be almost constant for several substances, hence an average estimation of influent load per capita has been investigated and compared with other studies. Comportment of heavy metals and metals such as potassium and micropollutants is evident. Ultimately, the concentrations of micropollutants in combined sewer overflows in multiple cases are higher than the effluent and even of the influent of the wastewater treatment plant, which implies the necessity of the treatment before discharge into the water body. Enforcement of regulations will enhance the protection of water resources and diminish the pollutants from the diffuse sources.