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    Lernen und üben wir das Richtige? : Kritische Erfolgsfaktoren der Bewältigung des Massenanfalls von Verletzten : Ergebnisse einer FMEA und einer Analyse von MANV-bezogenen Curricula
    (2021) Drews, Patrick; Berger, Maximilian; Sautter, Johannes; Rohde, Annika
    Der Massenanfall von Verletzten (MANV) ist eine Ausnahmesituation für Rettungsdienst und andere Einsatzkräfte. Trotz niedriger Inzidenz müssen sich die Einsatzkräfte sowohl auf ärztlicher als auch auf nichtärztlicher Seite auf diesen Einsatzfall vorbereiten. In der vorliegenden Pilotstudie wurden anhand einer Fehlermöglichkeits- und -einflussanalyse (FMEA) die kritischen Einsatzfaktoren im MANV ermittelt und mit den Ausbildungscurricula verglichen. Die herangezogenen Curricula waren Notfallsanitäter:in, organisatorische:r Leiter:in, Konzept zur katastrophenmedizinischen Ausbildung im studentischen Unterricht an deutschen Hochschulen, Nationaler Kompetenz-basierter Lernzielkatalog Medizin (NKLM), Zusatz-Weiterbildung Notfallmedizin und Fortbildung zum:zur leitenden Notarzt:ärztin. Die Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, dass in der praktischen Ausbildung der MANV eine eher untergeordnete Rolle spielt. Weitere empirische Untersuchungen sind aus Sicht der Autoren notwendig.
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    An empirical study on changing leadership in agile teams
    (2021) Spiegler, Simone V.; Heinecke, Christoph; Wagner, Stefan
    An increasing number of companies aim to enable their development teams to work in an agile manner. When introducing agile teams, companies face several challenges. This paper explores the kind of leadership needed to support teams to work in an agile way. One theoretical agile leadership concept describes a Scrum Master who is supposed to empower the team to lead itself. Empirical findings on such a leadership role are controversial. We still have not understood how leadership unfolds in a team that is by definition self-organizing. Further exploration is needed to better understand leadership in agile teams. Our goal is to explore how leadership changes while the team matures using the example of the Scrum Master. Through a grounded theory study containing 75 practitioners from 11 divisions at the Robert Bosch GmbH we identified a set of nine leadership roles that are transferred from the Scrum Master to the Development Team while it matures. We uncovered that a leadership gap and a supportive internal team climate are enablers of the role transfer process, whereas role conflicts may diminish the role transfer. To make the Scrum Master change in a mature team, team members need to receive trust and freedom to take on a leadership role which was previously filled by the Scrum Master. We conclude with practical implications for managers, Product Owners, Development Teams and Scrum Masters which they can apply in real settings.
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    Leistungsgerechte und leistungsmotivierende Lohnfindung
    (1981) Reiß, Michael
    In Theorie und Praxis herrscht hinsichtlich der leistungsgerechten und leistungsstimulierenden Lohnfindung ein Harmoniedenken vor. Man geht davon aus, daß die beiden Ziele Leistungsgerechtigkeit und Leistungsmotivierung problemlos miteinander vereinbar sind. Diesem Harmoniemodell steht ein Konfliktmodell gegenüber. Aus einer Analyse beider Ansätze entwickelt Dr. Michael Reiß, wissenschaftlicher Assistent am Betriebswirtschaftlichen Seminar der Universität Freiburg, ein aufgeklärtes Harmoniemodell, aus dem sich wesentliche Konsequenzen für die Praxis der Leistungsbewertung und Leistungsvereinbarung ergeben.
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    Unpacking the complexities of crisis innovation : a comprehensive review of ecosystem-level responses to exogenous shocks
    (2023) Brem, Alexander; Nylund, Petra A.; Roshani, Saeed
    Innovation in times of crisis has experienced a flood of research in the wake of recent events. These studies are dispersed over a broad range of fields and do not adequately reflect earlier research or prior crises. To encourage the convergence of related literature streams, we define crisis innovation as an ecosystem-level process to meet the needs of-and overcome the resource constraints derived from-an exogenous shock. We then conduct a systematic literature review aided by machine learning techniques, specifically utilizing topic modeling. We derive a taxonomy of crisis innovation, which represents innovation as a response to societal crisis, funding crisis, financial crisis, economic crisis, digitalization, transformation, political crisis, strategy crisis, and organizational crisis. We find that crisis innovation drives digitalization through increased motivation for open and ecosystem innovation, but also that the dynamic network structures required for lasting digital transformation are often not implemented during crisis.
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    Industry practices and challenges for the evolvability assurance of microservices : an interview study and systematic grey literature review
    (2021) Bogner, Justus; Fritzsch, Jonas; Wagner, Stefan; Zimmermann, Alfred
    Microservices as a lightweight and decentralized architectural style with fine-grained services promise several beneficial characteristics for sustainable long-term software evolution. Success stories from early adopters like Netflix, Amazon, or Spotify have demonstrated that it is possible to achieve a high degree of flexibility and evolvability with these systems. However, the described advantageous characteristics offer no concrete guidance and little is known about evolvability assurance processes for microservices in industry as well as challenges in this area. Insights into the current state of practice are a very important prerequisite for relevant research in this field. We therefore wanted to explore how practitioners structure the evolvability assurance processes for microservices, what tools, metrics, and patterns they use, and what challenges they perceive for the evolvability of their systems. We first conducted 17 semi-structured interviews and discussed 14 different microservice-based systems and their assurance processes with software professionals from 10 companies. Afterwards, we performed a systematic grey literature review (GLR) and used the created interview coding system to analyze 295 practitioner online resources. The combined analysis revealed the importance of finding a sensible balance between decentralization and standardization. Guidelines like architectural principles were seen as valuable to ensure a base consistency for evolvability and specialized test automation was a prevalent theme. Source code quality was the primary target for the usage of tools and metrics for our interview participants, while testing tools and productivity metrics were the focus of our GLR resources. In both studies, practitioners did not mention architectural or service-oriented tools and metrics, even though the most crucial challenges like Service Cutting or Microservices Integration were of an architectural nature. Practitioners relied on guidelines, standardization, or patterns like Event-Driven Messaging to partially address some reported evolvability challenges. However, specialized techniques, tools, and metrics are needed to support industry with the continuous evaluation of service granularity and dependencies. Future microservices research in the areas of maintenance, evolution, and technical debt should take our findings and the reported industry sentiments into account.
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    User experience (UX) in business, management, and psychology : a bibliometric mapping of the current state of research
    (2020) Luther, Laura; Tiberius, Victor; Brem, Alexander
    User Experience (UX) describes the holistic experience of a user before, during, and after interaction with a platform, product, or service. UX adds value and attraction to their sole functionality and is therefore highly relevant for firms. The increased interest in UX has produced a vast amount of scholarly research since 1983. The research field is, therefore, complex and scattered. Conducting a bibliometric analysis, we aim at structuring the field quantitatively and rather abstractly. We employed citation analyses, co-citation analyses, and content analyses to evaluate productivity and impact of extant research. We suggest that future research should focus more on business and management related topics.
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    A generative design of collaborative innovation space
    (2023) Klooker, Marie; Hölzle, Katharina
    A workplace for collaboration can be a powerful tool for fostering collaborative innovation in an organization. However, many organizations have failed in realizing the benefits of collaborative innovation workplaces. Applying a sociomaterial lens to an empirical investigation of the creation and genesis of workplaces for collaborative innovation in six organizations, we expand the focus beyond identifying workplace's material and social elements to the emergence of a collaborative innovation space as an effective workplace for collaboration. We develop a dynamic generative design model for collaborative innovation spaces. This model draws the attention to practices involved in the creation of such space instead of spatial characteristics only. It presents three dimensions for creating collaborative innovation spaces: the collaborative workplace consisting of collaborative spatial layout, work practices, and organizational structures. All are created and manifested by means of a collaborative–participatory design approach and the practice of generative reflection instead of conventional evaluation measures. Ultimately, a mindset shift is set in motion, generating a sustainable emergence of a collaborative innovation space. We conclude that a collaborative innovation space as an in‐between space cannot be deliberately designed but rather evolves over time. Using our generative design model, organizations and stakeholder can actively become part of this emergence process.
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    Development of sustainable test sites for mineral exploration and knowledge spillover for industry
    (2020) Kesselring, Michaela; Wagner, Frank; Kirsch, Moritz; Ajjabou, Leila; Gloaguen, Richard