Metamamaterials have attracted a lot of attention due to their fascinating properties. Many proactical applications have been suggested such as negative refraction, perfect lens, and invisibility cloak. In order to create real materials, we need three-dimensional structures. These structures pose some challenges in fabrication as well as with regards to understanding their optical properties, especially the relevant coupling mechanisms between neighboring elements and layers. In this thesis, we are going to present the advantages and problems associated with different fabrication methods. We will discuss coupling between the elements, taking electric and magnetic dipoles as well as higher order multipoles into account. Longitudinal and transverse interactions as well as their interplay will be examined.
