Universität Stuttgart
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Item Open Access Molecular solids containing BEDT-TTF and structurally related transition metal complexes(1986) Keller, Heimo J.; Niebl, Roland; Nöthe, Dietrich; Schweitzer, Dieter; Weber, AngelikaThe special physical properties of BEDT-TTF salts, e.g. their two-dimensional behaviour, are caused by the typical geometry of this donor and the arrangement of the cations in the crystal lattice of its salts. In order to extend the range of physical properties produced by BEDT-TTF like compounds, we synthesized sulfur containing transition metal complexes with a molecular structure very similar to BEDT-TTF. The bis(5.6-dihydro-1.4-dithin-2.3-dithiolate)metallates of the nickel triad can be prepared in different oxidation states as anions and in neutral form. The anionic complexes can be reacted with BEDT-TTF cations.Item Open Access Energy gap reduction in superconducting tin films by quasiparticle injection(1977) Fuchs, Jürgen; Epperlein, Peter W.; Welte, Michael; Eisenmenger, WolfgangIn Sn-/-Sn-/-Pb tunneling structures the energy gap ΔSn of Sn is reduced by quasiparticle injection via single-particle tunneling between the Sn films. ΔSn as function of the quasiparticle density is probed by the Pb contact and found in agreement with the theory of Owen and Scalapino. An instability of the energy gap of Sn is observed at the critical gap reduction ratio predicted by this theory for a first-order phase transition.Item Open Access 1,3,5-Tris(dimethylamino)benzol mit Iod und 1,3,5-Tricyanobenzol : eine ungewöhnliche Dimerisierung und ein "normaler" Donor/Akzeptor-Komplex(1988) Keller, Heimo J.; Niebl, Roland; Renner, Gerd; Ruhr, Dorothea von der; Schweitzer, DieterWir sind auf der Suche nach "organischen" Ferromagneten. Als Zielsubstanz haben wir kristallisierte Radikal-Ionen mit bahnentarteten Grundzuständen ausgewählt. Molekulare Festkörper aus planaren organischen Radikalionen zeigen ein breites Spektrum teilweise recht interessanter physikalischer Eigenschaften, die durch kollektives Elektronenverhalten zu erklären sind. In den letzten Jahren wurde vor allem das elektrische Verhalten dieser Substanzen untersucht. Dies führte zur Entdeckung einer Vielzahl "organischer Metalle", von denen einige bei tiefer Temperatur auch supraleitend werden.Item Open Access Zukunft der Optik(1970) Tiziani, Hans J.Die Optik hat in den letzten Jahren neuen Aufschwung genommen. Mitverantwortlich für diese Entwicklung sind sowohl die Verwendung von leistungsfähigen Computern als auch die Nachfrage nach immer besserer Auflösung und Bildqualität. Besonders positiv haben sich die Entwicklungen des Laser (1960) und der Holographie ausgewirkt. Immer neue Applikationen des gebündelten, kohärenten Laserlichtes werden erschlossen, doch will ich mich in diesem Zusammenhang auf die mögliche Weiterentwlckung der erwähnten Gebiete beschränken.Item Open Access Zero bias anomalies in point-contact characteristics of αt-(BEDT-TTF)2I3(1994) Ernst, Gabriele; Nowack, Andreas; Weger, Meir; Schweitzer, DieterThe zero-bias anomaly in point-contact characteristics of the organic superconductor α-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 is investigated as a function of temperature and magnetic field. It is found that the zero-bias anomaly is insensitive to magnetic fields up to 5 T. In contrast, a structure at 5 meV, conventionally designated as the superconducting gap - but which is 4 times larger than the expected BCS gap - is strongly affected by magnetic fields above 1 T.Item Open Access Microscopic calculation of line tensions(2008) Merath, Rolf-Jürgen Christian; Dietrich, Siegfried (Prof. Dr.)In this work the line tension has been determinded with molecular resolution, which in this context marks the forefront of research. A semi-microscopic line tension theory based on the sharp-kink approximation has been further developed. The sharp-kink results concerning wetting and line tension behavior deviate considerably from the fully microscopic results. A hybrid line tension theory has been introduced, which employs an improved effective interface potential for the SK line tension calculation. For most of the studied cases the results from this hybrid method describe the fully microscopic line tension values semi-quantitatively. However, for a tailored system with relatively strong spatial variations of the substrate potential and of the solid-liquid interfacial density the hybrid method fails and does not predict the correct order of magnitude of the line tension values. Hence in general the fully microscopic approach is required, if one is interested in quantitatively reliable line tension values or/and if the validity of the hybrid method for the considered system has not been checked. The calculation of the line tension of a liquid wedge is an important contribution for understanding the shape of very small droplets (below the micrometer range). Furthermore a proposal is given, how axisymmetric sessile droplets can be addressed efficiently within DFT.Item Open Access Reflection of high-frequency phonons at silicon-solid interfaces(1981) Marx, Dieter; Eisenmenger, WolfgangIn reflection experiments with phonons of frequencies above 280 GHz propagating along (110) directions we observed large deviations from the acoustic mismatch theory for silicon-metal, silicon-condensed gas, and silicon-liquid helium interfaces.Item Open Access Epitaxy and scanning tunneling microscopy image contrast of copper-phthalocyanine on graphite and MoS2(1994) Ludwig, Christoph; Strohmaier, Rainer; Petersen, Jörg; Gompf, Bruno; Eisenmenger, WolfgangMonolayers of copper–phthalocyanine (Cu–Pc) on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and MoS2 prepared by organic molecular beam epitaxy have been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. On both substrates there exist well defined preparation conditions leading to ordered two-dimensional arrays of flat lying molecules. On HOPG they form a close-packed structure with a nearly quadratic unit cell, whereas on MoS2 we found two phases, one close-packed and one rowlike phase. This rowlike phase can be explained by a long range interaction due to an adsorbate induced superstructure of the substrate, which also can be seen in the scanning tunneling microscopy images. In images with submolecular resolution, the molecules appear different on the two substrates. On MoS2 they look like a four-leaved clover, on graphite they show a more detailed inner structure.Item Open Access Temperature and angular dependence of the upper critical field in β-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 and its deuterated analogue(1986) Heidmann, Claus Peter; Andres, Klaus; Schweitzer, DieterWe present measurements of the temperature and angular dependence of the upper critical fields of β-ET2I3 and d-β-ET2I3. The data are analyzed in terms of an anisotropic effective mass model. The results of cooling rate experiments are reported and the effect of deuteration on superconductivity is discussed.Item Open Access A study of the use of laser speckle to measure small tilts of optically rough surfaces accurately(1972) Tiziani, Hans J.A new method is proposed where small tilts can be measured with high accuracy even in the presence of a lateral shift. For this purpose the speckling of the object, an optically rough surface, is recorded in the Fourier plane before and after a tilt. By illuminating the developed plate with a laser, fringeswith spacings inversely proportional to the tilt angle can be observed.