07 Fakultät Konstruktions-, Produktions- und Fahrzeugtechnik
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/handle/11682/8
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Item Open Access Digital factory transformation from a servitization perspective : fields of action for developing internal smart services(2023) Neuhüttler, Jens; Feike, Maximilian; Kutz, Janika; Blümel, Christian; Bienzeisler, BerndIn recent years, a complex set of dynamic developments driven by both the economy and the emergence of digital technologies has put pressure on manufacturing companies to adapt. The concept of servitization, i.e., the shift from a product-centric to a service-centric value creation logic, can help manufacturing companies stabilize their business in such volatile times. Existing academic literature investigates the potential and challenges of servitization and the associated development of data-based services, so-called smart services, with a view to external market performance. However, with the increasing use of digital technologies in manufacturing and the development of internal smart services based on them, we argue that the existing insights on external servitization are also of interest for internal transformation. In this paper, we identify key findings from service literature, apply them to digital factory transformation, and structure them into six fields of action along the dimensions of people, technology, and organization. As a result, recommendations for designing digital factory transformation in manufacturing companies are derived from the perspective of servitization and developing internal smart services.Item Open Access Injection compression molded microlens arrays for hyperspectral imaging(2018) Röder, Marcel; Drexler, Marc; Rothermel, Thilo; Meissner, Thomas; Guenther, Thomas; Zimmermann, AndréItem Open Access The effect of rod orientation on electrical anisotropy in silver nanowire networks for ultra-transparent electrodes(2016) Ackermann, Thomas; Neuhaus, Raphael; Roth, SiegmarTwo-dimensional networks made of metal nanowires are excellent paradigms for the experimental observation of electrical percolation caused by continuous jackstraw-like physical pathways. Such systems became very interesting as alternative material in transparent electrodes, which are fundamental components in display devices. This work presents the experimental characterization of low-haze and ultra-transparent electrodes based on silver nanowires. The films are created by dip-coating, a feasible and scalable liquid film coating technique. We have found dominant alignment of the silver nanowires in withdrawal direction. The impact of this structural anisotropy on electrical anisotropy becomes more pronounced for low area coverage. The rod alignment does not influence the technical usability of the films as significant electrical anisotropy occurs only at optical transmission higher than 99 %. For films with lower transmission, electrical anisotropy becomes negligible. In addition to the experimental work, we have carried out computational studies in order to explain our findings further and compare them to our experiments and previous literature. This paper presents the first experimental observation of electrical anisotropy in two-dimensional silver nanowire networks close at the percolation threshold.Item Open Access Numerical analysis of micro-optics based single photon sources via a combined physical optics and rigorous simulations approach(2023) Jimenez, Carlos; Hellmann, Christian; Toulouse, Andrea; Drozella, Johannes; Wyrowski, Frank; Herkommer, AloisItem Open Access Data-driven development of sparse multi-spectral sensors for urological tissue differentiation(2023) Fischer, Felix; Frenner, Karsten; Granai, Massimo; Fend, Falko; Herkommer, AloisItem Open Access Ride Comfort Transfer Function for the MAGLEV Vehicle Transrapid(2018) Zheng, Qinghua; Dignath, Florian; Eberhard, Peter; Schmid, PatrickIn order to predict the ride comfort for the MAGLEV vehicle Transrapid TR09 for various scenarios, e.g. for higher vehicle speeds than hitherto travelled, a transfer function from the excitations given by the guideway position to the relevant car body acceleration is calculated by two different methods. Method A is based on a mechatronic simulation model of the Transrapid TR09 which describes a two- dimensional lateral cross section of the vehicle. The simulation model consists of a 2D multibody system describing the mechanical part, four network models of the electro-magnets - two levitation magnets and two guidance magnets - and a signal model of each magnet controller. These signal models contain a representation of the authentic C-Code of the control law used within the actual magnet control units within the vehicle TR09. The overall model can be exploited to calculate the accelerations of the car body for given excitations at the interfaces between guideway and vehicle. Moreover, it is possible to generate a model-based transfer function in the frequency domain from the guideway excitations to the car body accelerations. For method B, measurement results of test runs of the Transrapid TR09 at the test track TVE in Northern Germany are exploited which were recorded for vehicle dynamics analysis and ride comfort evaluation in 2009. From these measurement results two characteristic quantities are generated for several different velocities of the vehicle: Firstly, the position of the guideway is reconstructed by using an integration of the absolute accelerations of the magnets and the signals of the magnet's sensors for the air gap. Secondly, the relation between the accelerations at the car body of the vehicle and the guideway position is calculated as a transfer function in the frequency domain. For this, the measurement data and the reconstructed guideway position are both transformed into the frequency domain by a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). The resulting transfer function gives the relevant accelerations for the ride comfort for given excitations of the vehicle as calculated by Method A above. The two transfer functions from Method A and B are compared for validation. Then, a smoothed version of the validated transfer function is applied for estimating the ride comfort for travelling scenarios which have not yet been measured in practical operation, e.g. for higher velocities of the vehicle.Item Open Access TANGO Guideline - Design Guidance und Methoden Review(Stuttgart : TANGO Konsortium, 2021) Reichelt, Florian; Laßmann, Paula; Maier, ThomasDie in dieser Guideline vorgestellten Ergebnisse stellen die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse aus dem vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) geförderten Forschungsprojekt TANGO (Laufzeit 2016 - 2020) dar. Die hier präsentierten Inhalte basieren auf zahlreichen Studien und Entwicklungsleistungen innerhalb des Projekts. Auf Grund der Vielzahl an Projektergebnissen werden ausschließlich die vom Konsortium für relevant befundenen Ergebnisse in dieser Guideline kurz und kompakt zusammengefasst. Eine detaillierte Übersicht über die Projektergebnisse steht in den jeweiligen Partnerberichten (bei der TIB Hannover einsehbar) sowie den Publikationen und Informationen auf der TANGO-Website (https://projekt-tango-trucks.com/) zur Verfügung. Die hier vorgestellten Inhalte basieren weiterhin auf den Erkenntnissen, die im Projektzeitraum von Dez. 2016 - Sept. 2020 generiert wurden. Des Weiteren entstammen alle Studiensettings, Entwicklungsschritte und das Ergebnis - der virtuelle Beifahrer - selbst dem zielgerichteten Forschungsauftrag des Projekts. Alle Studien orientierten sich an dieser Zielvorgabe, sodass ein Übertrag der TANGO-Ergebnisse auf ein anderes Projekt in jedem Fall überprüft werden muss.Item Open Access TANGO - Projektvorstellung & Ergebnisse(Stuttgart : TANGO Konsortium, 2021)Als Könige der Landstraße bezeichneten sich früher Lkw-Fahrer und gingen in ihrem Beruf einer großen Leidenschaft mit viel Freude nach. Das Bild hat sich heutzutage deutlich gewandelt. Lkw-Fahrer sind einem gnadenlosen Kampf gegen die Uhr und um die letzten freien Parkplätze ausgesetzt. Endlose Kilometer Stau, lange Wartezeiten beim Be- und Entladen sowie ein schlechter werdendes Image in der Gesellschaft bestimmen heutzutage den Alltag. Als wäre das nicht schon genug, ist mit dem automatisierten Fahren eine neue Technologie auf dem Vormarsch, welche das Transportgewerbe in Zukunft maßgeblich verändern wird. Die damit verbundenen Ängste um die Fahrerkabine als Arbeitsplatz führen zu einer großen Ablehnung der Technologie bei den Fahrern. In diesem Spannungsfeld hat sich ein Konsortium zusammengefunden und mit dem Projekt „TANGO“ ein Forschungsvorhaben beim Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) initiiert, um diesen Fragestellungen nachzugehen. Im Verbundprojekt standen die Nutzerbedürfnisse im Mittelpunkt - mit dem Ziel, das Arbeitsumfeld sowie das Fahrerlebnis nachhaltig zu verbessern. Seit dem 01.12.2016 forschte das Konsortium gemeinschaftlich für eine Projektlaufzeit von 3,5 Jahren an diesem Themenfeld, entwickelte Lösungen und evaluierte diese in regelmäßigen Abständen mit Lkw-Fahrern. Diese Broschüre soll dazu dienen, die Ergebnisse der Forschungsarbeiten vorzustellen und als Nachschlagewerk zur Verfügung zu stellen.Item Open Access Combining knowledge and information - graph-based description of driving scenarios to enable holistic vehicle safety(2023) Bechler, Florian; Fehr, Jörg; Neininger, Fabian; Knöß, Stefan; Grotz, BernhardCurrently, vehicle safety is based on knowledge from injury values, crash pulses, and driving kinematics which leads to intervention strategies separated into isolated domains of active and passive safety. In this contribution, it is shown how vehicle safety can be approached holistically, allowing for human-centered and scenario-based safety decision-making. For this purpose, information from interior and exterior vehicle sensors can be linked by a mathematical framework, combining the knowledge that is already available in the individual domains. A universal graph representation for driving scenarios is developed to master the complexity of driving scenarios and allow for an optimized and scenario-based intervention strategy to minimize occupant injury values. This novel approach allows for the inclusion of sub-models, expert knowledge, results from previous simulations, and annotated databases. The resulting graph can be expanded dynamically for other objects or occupants to reflect all available information to be considered in case of urgency. As input, interior and exterior vehicle sensor data is used. Further information about the driving situation is subsequently derived from this input and the interaction between those states is described by the graph dynamically. For example, occupant attentiveness is derived from measurable eye gaze and eyelid position. From this quantity, reaction time can be estimated in turn. Combined with exterior information, it is possible to decide on the intervention strategy like e.g. alerting the driver. Physical or data-based functional dependencies can be used to represent such interactions. The uncertainties of the inputs and from the surrogate models are included in the graph to ensure a reliable decision-making process. An example of the decision-making process, by modeling the states and actuators as partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), shows how to optimize the airbag efficiency by influencing the head position prior to an impact. This approach can be extended by additional parameters like driving environment, occupant occupancy, and seating positions in further iterations to optimize the intervention strategy for occupants. The proposed framework integrates scenario-based driving dynamics and existing knowledge from so far separated safety systems with individual activation logic and trigger points to enable holistic vehicle safety intervention strategies for the first time. It lays the foundation to consider new safety hardware, sensor information, and safety functions through a modular, and holistic approach.Item Open Access Mapping varieties of farmers’ experience in the digital transformation : a new perspective on transformative dynamics(2024) Knitsch, Valentin; Daniel, Lea; Welz, JulianeThe COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vulnerabilities of the global food system, underscoring the need for a sustainable transformation of the food system. With the advent of new digital technologies emerging as critical tools for achieving the agricultural shift, it is important to understand farmers’ adoption decisions better. This study aims to systematically uncover and delineate the varied forms of experiences farmers have with new digital technologies and investigate how these experiences impact the organizational adoption decisions on the farm. In this study, twenty interviews with apple growers, wine makers, and intermediaries from a German region encompassing Saxony, Thuringia, and Saxony-Anhalt were conducted and analyzed. Through the lens of the modified adaptive capacity wheel and alongside the interview data, five relevant types of experiences were identified. These types of experiences are closely related to farmers’ adaptation motivation (AM) and adaptation belief (AB), potentially influencing their future decisions about the adoption of digital technologies. This study highlights the importance of creating meaningful experiences with technologies to strengthen farmers’ AM and AB.