04 Fakultät Energie-, Verfahrens- und Biotechnik

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/handle/11682/5

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Institute: search.filters.UBSInstitut.Institut für Biomedizinische TechnikSubject: search.filters.subject.570

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    Ein maschinenbezogenes Qualitätssicherungssystem für die intensitätsmodulierte Strahlentherapie : Entwicklung, Einführung, Untersuchung und Vergleich mit einem patientenplanbezogenen Qualitätssicherungssystem
    (2013) Hummel, Daniel; Gromoll, Christian (PD Dr.-Ing. habil.)
    Die dosimetrische Verifikation jedes Patienten-Bestrahlungsplans ist aktuell das Standardverfahren zur Qualitätssicherung der IMRT. Aufgrund der Eigenschaften und Beschränkungen der dabei eingesetzten Strahlungsdetektoren, Verifikationsmethoden und Vergleichsverfahren ist jedoch nur eine begrenzte Dosisgenauigkeit und Ortsauflösung erreichbar. Die dafür festgelegten Toleranzen können häufig nicht an allen Messpunkten eingehalten werden. Zudem ist es bei steigender Anzahl an mit IMRT behandelten Patienten nicht mehr möglich, jeden einzelnen Plan messtechnisch zu verifizieren. In einem maschinenbezogenen Qualitätssicherungssystem kann auf die Messung jedes einzelnen Patientenplans verzichtet werden, wenn alle IMRT-relevanten Kennmerkmale separat konstanzgeprüft werden. Ein solches QS-System wurde für eine Klinik entwickelt, eingeführt und getestet. Mittels einer täglich durchgeführten Testsequenz und wenigen zusätzlichen Messungen können alle wichtigen Kennmerkmale in kleinen Prüfintervallen geprüft und engere Toleranzen eingehalten werden. Damit sind eine höhere Dosisgenauigkeit, Patientensicherheit und Behandlungsqualität erreichbar. Für große Patientenzahlen ist ein maschinenbezogenes QS-System zudem effizienter als ein patientenplanbezogenes.
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    Modeled 3D-structures of proteobacterial transglycosylases from glycoside hydrolase family 17 give insight in ligand interactions explaining differences in transglycosylation products
    (2021) Linares-Pastén, Javier A.; Jonsdottir, Lilja Björk; Hreggvidsson, Gudmundur O.; Fridjonsson, Olafur H.; Watzlawick, Hildegard; Karlsson, Eva Nordberg
    The structures of glycoside hydrolase family 17 (GH17) catalytic modules from modular proteins in the ndvB loci in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Glt1), P. putida (Glt3) and Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens (previously B. japonicum) (Glt20) were modeled to shed light on reported differences between these homologous transglycosylases concerning substrate size, preferred cleavage site (from reducing end (Glt20: DP2 product) or non-reducing end (Glt1, Glt3: DP4 products)), branching (Glt20) and linkage formed (1,3-linkage in Glt1, Glt3 and 1,6-linkage in Glt20). Hybrid models were built and stability of the resulting TIM-barrel structures was supported by molecular dynamics simulations. Catalytic amino acids were identified by superimposition of GH17 structures, and function was verified by mutagenesis using Glt20 as template (i.e., E120 and E209). Ligand docking revealed six putative subsites (-4, -3, -2, -1, +1 and +2), and the conserved interacting residues suggest substrate binding in the same orientation in all three transglycosylases, despite release of the donor oligosaccharide product from either the reducing (Glt20) or non-reducing end (Glt1, Gl3). Subsites +1 and +2 are most conserved and the difference in release is likely due to changes in loop structures, leading to loss of hydrogen bonds in Glt20. Substrate docking in Glt20 indicate that presence of covalently bound donor in glycone subsites -4 to -1 creates space to accommodate acceptor oligosaccharide in alternative subsites in the catalytic cleft, promoting a branching point and formation of a 1,6-linkage. The minimum donor size of DP5, can be explained assuming preferred binding of DP4 substrates in subsite -4 to -1, preventing catalysis.
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    In vivo comparison of braided (Accero) and laser-cut intracranial stents (Acclino, Credo) : evaluation of vessel responses at subacute and mid-term follow-up in a rabbit model
    (2020) Mühl-Benninghaus, Ruben; Tomori, Toshiki; Krajewski, Stefanie; Dietrich, Philipp; Simgen, Andreas; Yilmaz, Umut; Brochhausen, Christoph; Kießling, Mara; Reith, Wolfgang; Cattaneo, Giorgio
    This study aimed to investigate in vivo two stent technologies, with particular emphasis on thrombogenicity and inflammatory vessel remodeling processes. The micro-stents tested in this study were developed for intracranial aneurysm treatment. In our study twelve, New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two groups: 18 laser-cut stents (LCS) and 18 braided stents (BS) were impanated without admiration of antiplatelet medication. Three stents were implanted into each animal in the common carotid artery, subclavian artery, and abdominal aorta. Digital subtraction angiography was performed before and after stent implantation and at follow-up for the visualization of occurring In-stent thromboembolism or stenosis. The Stents were explanted for histopathological examination at two different timepoints, after 3 and 28 days. Angiographically neither in-stent thrombosis nor stenosis for both groups was seen. There was a progressive increase in the vessel diameter, which was more pronounced for BS than for LCS. We detected a higher number of thrombi adherent to the foreign material on day 3 for BS. On day 3, the neointima was absent, whereas the complete formation observed was on day 28. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding the thickness of the neointima. The in vivo model of our study enabled the evaluation of blood and vessel reactions for two different stent technologies. Differences in vessel dimension and tissue around the stents were observed on day 28. Histological analysis on day 3 enabled the assessment of thrombotic reactions, representing an important complementary result in long-term studies.