04 Fakultät Energie-, Verfahrens- und Biotechnik

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/handle/11682/5

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Institute: search.filters.UBSInstitut.Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Rationelle EnergieanwendungSubject: search.filters.subject.380

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    Proposal for harmonised guidelines for the integrated assessment of transport projects in Europe
    (Stuttgart : Institute of Energy Economics and Rational Energy Use, University of Stuttgart, 2006) Bickel, Peter; Friedrich, Rainer; Burgess, Arnaud; Droste-Franke, Bert; Fagiani, Patrizia; Hunt, Alistair; De Jong, Gerard; Laird, James; Lieb, Christoph; Lindberg, Gunnar; Mackie, Peter; Navrud, Stale; Odgaard, Thomas; Ricci, Andrea; Shires, Jeremy; Tavasszy, Lori; Friedrich, Rainer
    In this report harmonised guidelines for the assessment of trans-national projects in Europe are proposed. This includes the provision of a consistent framework for monetary valuation based on the principles of welfare economics, contributing to transport costing. Recommendations for infrastructure project appraisal are given covering the following elements: • General issues (incl. non-market valuation techniques, benefit transfer, treatment of nonmonetised impacts, discounting and intra-generational equity issues, decision criteria, project appraisal evaluation period, treatment of future risk and uncertainty, marginal costs of public funds, producer surplus of transport providers, the treatment of indirect socio-economic effects), • Value of time and congestion (incl. business passenger traffic, non-work passenger traffic, commercial goods traffic time savings and treatment of congestion, unexpected delays and reliability), • Value of changes in accident risks (incl. accident impacts considered, estimating accident risks, valuing accident costs), • Environmental costs (incl. air pollution, noise, global warming), • Costs and indirect impacts of infrastructure investments (incl. capital costs for project implementation, costs for maintenance, operation and administration, changes in infrastructure costs on existing networks, optimism bias, residual value).
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    Analysis and prediction of electromobility and energy supply by the example of Stuttgart
    (2021) Wörner, Ralf; Morozova, Inna; Cao, Danting; Schneider, Daniela; Neuburger, Martin; Mayer, Daniel; Körner, Christian; Kagerbauer, Martin; Kostorz, Nadine; Blesl, Markus; Jochem, Patrick; Märtz, Alexandra
    This paper seeks to identify bottlenecks in the energy grid supply regarding different market penetration of battery electric vehicles in Stuttgart, Germany. First, medium-term forecasts of electric and hybrid vehicles and the corresponding charging infrastructure are issued from 2017 to 2030, resulting in a share of 27% electric vehicles by 2030 in the Stuttgart region. Next, interactions between electric vehicles and the local energy system in Stuttgart were examined, comparing different development scenarios in the mobility sector. Further, a travel demand model was used to generate charging profiles of electric vehicles under consideration of mobility patterns. The charging demand was combined with standard household load profiles and a load flow analysis of the peak hour was carried out for a quarter comprising 349 households. The simulation shows that a higher charging capacity can lead to a lower transformer utilization, as charging and household peak load may fall temporally apart. Finally, it was examined whether the existing infrastructure is suitable to meet future demand focusing on the transformer reserve capacity. Overall, the need for action is limited; only 10% of the approximately 560 sub-grids were identified as potential weak points.
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    ItemOpen Access
    Development of a stochastic optimization approach to determine cost-efficient environmental protection strategies : case study of policies for the future European passenger transport sector with a focus on rail-bound and on-road activities
    (Stuttgart : Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Rationelle Energieanwendung, 2019) Schieberle, Christian; Friedrich, Rainer (apl. Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil.)
    Recurrent violation of air quality standards detected at measuring stations worries city authorities across Europe. Accompanied by the recent disclosure of large-scale irregularities in real driving vehicle emissions air pollution control has nowadays taken on greater significance than ever before. Decision-makers aim to reduce the amount adverse effects of polluted air and climate change simultaneously by implementing proper legislation. However, they face severe uncertainties when estimating both people’s response to policies and the resulting environmental impact. Obviously, this imposes risk on achieving the desired effect. Furthermore, failure to succeed in reducing the adverse impacts lowers acceptance of policies among the general public. Recent studies in this field do not sufficiently account for this risk and ignore a decision-maker’s level of risk-aversion when recommending policies: While some of the studies acknowledge the existence of large uncertainties in impact estimation, they do not adequately incorporate current knowledge in the analysis. Some studies use expected values only during the optimization approach which leads to results that cannot be considered recommendations for risk-averse decision-makers. Other approaches deliberately overestimate costs in the presence of uncertainty and even exclude uncertain aspects of the assessment entirely from the analysis. A stochastic optimization approach to determine cost-efficient environmental protection strategies via cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is developed in this thesis. Furthermore, it is integrated into a novel modelling framework that incorporates uncertainty of environmental impacts as well as uncertainty of people’s response to policy in a consistent manner. Policy intervention is modelled via implementation of both technical and non-technical measures. A case study is conducted, and its results are presented and discussed. It investigates how further improvements can be achieved in the passenger transport sector of the 28 EU member states plus Norway and Switzerland.