10 Fakultät Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/handle/11682/11

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    How to investigate within-subject associations between physical activity and momentary affective states in everyday life : a position statement based on a literature overview
    (2013) Kanning, Martina; Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W.; Schlicht, Wolfgang
    Several meta-analyses have investigated the association between physical activity and affective states and have found evidence suggesting that exercise exerts a positive effect on affective state. However, in this field of research, most studies have conducted between-subject analyses. Nonetheless, there is more and more interest in the within-subject associations between physical activity and momentary affective states in everyday life. This position statement pertains to this up-and-coming field of research and provides methodological recommendations for further studies. The paper is divided into three parts: First, we summarise and evaluate three methodological requirements necessary for the proper evaluation of within-subject associations between physical activity and momentary affective states in everyday life. We propose that the following issues should be considered: a) to address the dynamic nature of such relationships, repeated assessments are necessary; b) as activities performed in everyday life are mostly spontaneous and unconscious, an objective assessment of physical activity is useful; c) given that recall of affective states is often affected by systematic distortions, real-time assessment is preferable. In sum, we suggest the use of ambulatory assessment techniques, and more specifically the combination of acceloremeter-assessment of physical activity with an electronic diary assessment of the momentary affective state and additional context information. Second, we summarise 22 empirical studies published between 1980 and 2012 using ambulatory assessment to investigate within-subject associations between momentary affective states and physical activity in everyday life. Generally, the literature overview detects a positive association, which appears stronger among those studies that were of high methodological quality. Third, we propose the use of ambulatory assessment intervention strategies to change people's behaviour (ambulatory assessment intervention) and to enable people to be active as often as possible during the day (e.g., reducing sitting time, taking more steps per day).
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    Betriebswirtschaftliche Vergleichsformen
    (1989) Corsten, Hans; Reiß, Michael
    Betriebswirtschaftliche Vergleiche leisten wertvolle Dienste bei der Ermittlung von Stärken und Schwächen einer Unternehmung. Um sie aufgabengerecht einsetzen zu können, ist es notwendig, die spezifischen Vor- und Nachteile dieser Vergleiche zu kennen. Eine gegenüberstellende Analyse der gängigen Vergleichsformen zeigt darüber hinaus, daß das Spektrum ökonomisch relevanter Vergleiche um einige Formen zu erweitern ist.
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    Software zur Lieferantenbewertung
    (1992) Arnold, Ulli; Weid, Hubert
    Um die Leistungsfähigkeit spezieller Programme zur Lieferantenbewertung bzw. ihrer Funktion in einem umfassenden Programmsystem festzustellen, wurde vom Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, Absatz- und Konsumwirtschaft der Universität Würzburg eine Marktuntersuchung zum Thema "DV-Systeme zur Lieferantenbewertung" durchgeführt, die zeigt, daß es eine ganze Reihe verschiedener Softwarelösungen für den Bereich der Lieferantenbewertung gibt, die jedoch individuell auf ihre Tauglichkeit zur Lösung der speziellen Anforderungen des Unternehmens untersucht werden müssen. Die detaillierte Zusammenstellung der Befragungsergebnisse soll den Entscheidungsträgern im Industriebetrieb als Informationsquelle für eine Softwareauswahl dienen. Auf eine Bewertung der unterschiedlichen Produkte wurde verzichtet, weil jede DV-Lösung an den unternehmensspezifischen Aufgabenstellungen zu messen ist.
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    Using activity triggered e-diaries to reveal the associations between physical activity and affective states in older adult’s daily living
    (2015) Kanning, Martina; Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich; Schlicht, Wolfgang
    Background: Evidence suggests that elderly show positive affects after participating in an exercise program. However, it is less clear, how physical activities in daily living enhance affective states. This is surprising, as most of elderly’s physical activities are part of their daily living. We used activity-triggered e-diaries to investigate the within-subject effects of physical activity on three dimensions of affective states (valence, energetic arousal, calmness) in everyday life. Methods: Older adults (N = 74) between 50 and 70 years took part in the study during three consecutive days. Physical activity in daily living was objectively assessed with accelerometers. Affects were measured 10 minutes after a study participant surpassed a predefined threshold for activity or inactivity. The participants were prompted by an acoustic signal to assess their momentary affective states on an e-diary. Data were analyzed with hierarchical multilevel analyses. Results: When older individuals were more physically active, they felt more energized (energetic arousal) and agitated (calmness). However, they did not feel better (valence). Interestingly, body mass index (BMI) and valence were associated in a significant cross-level interaction, which demonstrates that BMI was a moderating variable. Lower BMI scores were associated with higher valence affect scores after being physically active. Conclusions: Activities in daily living only partially enhance the elderly’s affective states, because participants feel energized and agitated but not better. Accordingly to the moderating effect of BMI, older people with lower BMI feel better whereas older people with higher BMI did not feel better after being physically active in daily living.
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    Exploring smart grids with simulations in a mobile science exhibition
    (2015) Li, Huijie; Chabay, Ilan; Renn, Ortwin; Weber, Andreas; Mbungu, Grace
    Improving the publics' understanding of the energy system is a challenging task. Making citizens aware of how the complex energy system functions and how consumers of energy services can respond to a changing energy environment seems more difficult. In the context of the German energy transition, more active energy consumers are needed, not only in producing electricity on their own but also interacting with suppliers to make the energy system operate in a more efficient way through the development of a "smart grid". This article describes an approach taken with a public education perspective to engage citizens in thinking about the issues we are facing in moving toward a future with greater reliance on renewable energy. We introduced a mobile exhibition, including an interactive simulation game, which offered a perspective on the whole energy system. The goal was to stimulate questions and arouse citizens' interest in learning about the smart grid and help them to prepare for the transition to a smarter way of using energy.