10 Fakultät Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/handle/11682/11
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Item Open Access Mixed methods longitudinal research(2023) Vogl, SusanneItem Open Access Frauen in der lokalen Politik und kommunale Wahlbeteiligung : ein Fall für deskriptive Repräsentation?(2022) Stocker, SimonDiese Studie präsentiert neue empirische Evidenz für die Argumente feministischer Theoretiker*innen, welche die Notwendigkeit deskriptiver Repräsentation von Frauen unterstreichen. Anhand eines neuartigen Datensatzes wird die Wirkung der Präsenz von Frauen in lokalpolitischen Ämtern auf die Beteiligung bei Ratswahlen in Baden-Württemberg untersucht. Die Analyse von Längsschnittdaten zwischen 1999 und 2019 zeigt, dass die Präsenz von Bürgermeisterinnen eine positive Wirkung auf die Beteiligungsquote bei Gemeinderatswahlen hat. Darüber hinaus zeigt sich, dass auch die Offenheit der Wähler*innen für Frauen in politischen Ämtern eine Rolle spielt. Vor allem für Parteien im linken politischen Spektrum spielt emanzipatorische und solidarische Politik und somit Geschlechterausgleich eine wichtige Rolle. In den Gemeinden, in denen die Grünen und die Linkspartei bei der Bundestagswahl höhere Stimmanteile erreichen, ist der positive Effekt deskriptiver Repräsentation von Frauen auf die Wahlbeteiligung größer. Sowohl die Präsenz von Bürgermeisterinnen als auch der Frauenanteil im Gemeinderat haben im Zusammenspiel mit der approximierten Offenheit der Wähler*innen für Politikerinnen einen positiven Effekt auf die Höhe der Wahlbeteiligung. Der positive Effekt der Präsenz von Frauen in lokalpolitischen Ämtern auf die kommunale Wahlbeteiligung wird durch die Offenheit der Wähler*innen gegenüber Politikerinnen moderiert.Item Open Access How does the COVID-19 pandemic affect the personal lives and care realities of people with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder? : a qualitative interview study(2023) Kaltenboeck, Alexander; Portela Millinger, Filipe; Stadtmann, Sarah; Schmid, Christine; Amering, Michaela; Vogl, Susanne; Fellinger, MatthäusBackground:The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes one of the greatest recent public crises. This study explored its influence on the lives and care realities of people with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Methods: Between October 2020 and April 2021, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 volunteers with SSDs receiving inpatient or outpatient treatment in Vienna (Austria). Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results: Three main themes were identified. First, ‘Pandemic life is deprived, lonely and surreal - though certain aspects can be perceived as positive’. Second, ‘Bio-psycho-social support systems were struck at their core by the pandemic and were left severely compromised’. Last, ‘There is a complex interplay between one’s prior experience of psychosis and the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic’. The pandemic situation affected interviewees in various ways. For many, it led to a drastic reduction in day-to-day and social activities and contributed to an atmosphere of strangeness and threat. Bio-psycho-social support providers frequently suspended their services and offered alternatives were not always helpful. Participants indicated that whilst having an SSD might render them vulnerable to the pandemic situation, prior experience with psychotic crises can also provide knowledge, skills and self-confidence which enable better coping. Some interviewees also perceived aspects of the pandemic situation as helpful for recovering from psychosis. Conclusion: Healthcare providers must acknowledge the perspectives and needs of people with SSDs in present and future public health crises to ensure proper clinical support.Item Open Access Facets of specialization and its relation to career success : an analysis of U.S. sociology, 1980 to 2015(2021) Heiberger, Raphael H.; Munoz-Najar Galvez, Sebastian; McFarland, Daniel A.We investigate how sociology students garner recognition from niche field audiences through specialization. Our dataset comprises over 80,000 sociology-related dissertations completed at U.S. universities, as well as data on graduates’ pursuant publications. We analyze different facets of how students specialize - topic choice, focus, novelty, and consistency. To measure specialization types within a consistent methodological frame, we utilize structural topic modeling. These measures capture specialization strategies used at an early career stage. We connect them to a crucial long-term outcome in academia: becoming an advisor. Event-history models reveal that specific topic choices and novel combinations exhibit a positive influence, whereas focused theses make no substantial difference. In particular, theses related to the cultural turn, methods, or race are tied to academic careers that lead to mentorship. Thematic consistency of students’ publication track also has a strong positive effect on the chances of becoming an advisor. Yet, there are diminishing returns to consistency for highly productive scholars, adding important nuance to the well-known imperative of publish or perish in academic careers.Item Open Access Mehrebenenanalyse (Teil 2): Zur Anwendung von CFA/SEM-Techniken bei der Schätzung von Modellen mit latenten Konstrukten (unter Verwendung von Mplus)(Stuttgart : Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Sozialwissenschaften, Abt. IV: Soziologie mit dem Schwerpunkt sozialwissenschaftliche Forschungsmethoden, 2022) Urban, DieterDieses Skript enthält eine Fortsetzung der Erläuterungen zur Mehrebenenanalyse in No. 51 der Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Sozialwissenschaften der Universität Stuttgart (SISS). Der Text beschreibt die Logik der graphischen Darstellung von Mehrebenenmodellen und deren programmtechnische Umsetzung, so wie sie von Mplus vorgeschlagen werden. Zudem wird die graphische Modellierung von Mplus noch durch eine weitergehende graphische Modellierung ergänzt, die bereits in SISS-51 vorgestellt wurde.Item Open Access Die Rolle der Anthropologie für die Politische Theorie(2023) Hanzel, MichaelDie Anthropologie und somit die Frage nach dem Wesen des Menschen ist seit der griechischen Antike eng mit dem politischen Denken verbunden. „Die Philosophen, welche die Grundlage der Gesellschaft untersuchen, haben alle die Notwendigkeit verspürt, bis auf den Naturzustand zurückzugreifen“ (Rousseau). Umso erstaunlicher ist es deshalb, dass ein systematischer Zusammenhang zwischen Anthropologie und politischer Theorie erstmals zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts, von Carl Schmitt, formuliert wurde, der behauptete: „Man könnte alle Staatstheorie und politischen Ideen auf ihre Anthropologie prüfen und danach einteilen ob sie einen 'von Natur bösen' oder einen 'von Natur guten' Menschen voraussetzen. Entscheidend ist die Auffassung des Menschen als Voraussetzung jeder weiteren politischen Erwägung“ (Schmitt). Es ist diese steile, doch innovative These zum Verhältnis von Anthropologie und politischer Theorie, welche im Rahmen dieser Arbeit, am Beispiel vier politischer Großtheorien der Moderne, untersucht werden soll.Item Open Access Repräsentationsvorstellungen von Menschen in prekären Lebenslagen : die Auswirkungen von politischer und sozialer Exklusion am Beispiel Langzeiterwerbsloser(2024) Velimsky, Jan A.; Bächtiger, André (Prof. Dr.)Item Open Access Emergency response volunteers’ flood risk perception under climate change and flood hazard and risk maps acceptance behavior : a comparative study between Baden-Württemberg, Germany, and Guangdong, China(2022) Wu, Tong; Renn, Ortwin (Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c.)Emergency response volunteers (ERV) are considered as one of the most important groups in emergency management. With a combination of local experience as well as skills and knowledge from training regarding emergency response, ERV can rapidly respond to local emergencies by participating in rescue and relief work. Floods are among the most frequent natural hazards in both Germany and China, and ERV often face risk during their flood emergency response operations. The response of volunteers to flood risk is important for the safety of their lives and performance during flood emergency response operations. In this thesis, based on an online survey of 580 respondents (including 382 from Germany and 198 from China) conducted among emergency response volunteers from Baden- Württemberg state in Germany and Guangdong province in China, three flood risk related topics are explored: First, to answer the question “How different is flood risk perception among emergency response volunteers between Germany and China and what are the factors that significantly influence flood risk perception?”, by using data collected from the survey, multiple regression and bootstrapping analysis were applied. The results show that direct experience with floods, physical location, trust in the authorities, and training are important factors affecting volunteers’ risk perception. It is found that volunteers in Germany show a higher level of controllability of flood risk compared to China. Meanwhile, volunteers in China exhibit more worry about the adverse consequence of floods, including financial loss and personal injury. The second topic investigates how the perceived impact of climate change on flood risk by ERV is influenced by previous flood experience and perceived flood risk, and how it is associated with climate change perceptions. By using multiple regression and mediation analysis, the results show that when ERV perceive higher local flood risk, they tend to believe that climate change will have a more significant effect on local flood risk. In addition, three aspects of climate change perceptions (perceived local vulnerability, uncertainty over climate change, and perceived effect of climate change mitigation actions) are affected by physical location and the perceived impact of climate change on flood risk. The third topic aims to detect the factors influencing the acceptance intention of online flood hazard and risk maps, which are useful risk communication tools for emergency planning and response. An extended Technology Acceptance Model incorporated four external constructs (Information quality, Trust in information, Internet self-efficacy, and Enthusiasm of new information technology) was applied to explain and predict the acceptance behavior intention. By using the Structural Equation Model - Artificial Neural Network approach for hypotheses testing, the main findings indicate that Perceived Usefulness and Trust in information are essential factors of the intention to accept flood maps in both countries. As few studies focusing on emergency response volunteers regarding flood risk in both Germany and China were conducted, this thesis fills this gap and provides insights for future risk communication and management concerning flood hazards and climate change.Item Open Access Emotional reactions to climate change : a comparison across France, Germany, Norway, and the United Kingdom(2023) Böhm, Gisela; Pfister, Hans-Rüdiger; Doran, Rouven; Ogunbode, Charles A.; Poortinga, Wouter; Tvinnereim, Endre; Steentjes, Katharine; Mays, Claire; Bertoldo, Raquel; Sonnberger, Marco; Pidgeon, NicholasWe present a study of emotional reactions to climate change utilizing representative samples from France, Germany, Norway, and the United Kingdom (UK). Drawing on appraisal theories of emotion, we examine relations between appraisals, emotions, and behavioral intentions in the context of climate change. We compare the four countries concerning emotional differences and commonalities and relate our findings to pertinent models of cultural values. Five distinct emotions were measured: worry, hope, fear, outrage, and guilt. In addition, the survey asked respondents to appraise a set of climate-related statements, such as the causality of climate change, or the efficacy of mitigation efforts. Also, a set of climate-relevant actions, such as willingness to reduce energy consumption or support for climate policies, was assessed. Findings show that appraisals of human causation and moral concern were associated with worry and outrage, and appraisals of efficacy and technological solutions were associated with hope. Worry and outrage are associated with intentions to reduce one’s energy consumption, whereas hope and guilt are related to support for policies such as tax and price increases. A country comparison shows that French respondents score high on outrage and worry and tend to engage in individual behaviors to mitigate climate change, whereas Norwegian respondents score high on hope and show a tendency to support policies of cost increase. Generally, worry is the most and guilt the least intense emotion. Moral concerns and perceived collective efficacy of one’s country in addressing climate change are relatively strong in France, while beliefs in human causation and in negative impacts of climate change prevail in Germany, and confidence in technological solutions are prevalent in Norway. In sum, findings reveal typical patterns of emotional responses in the four countries and confirm systematic associations between emotions and appraisals as well as between emotions and behaviors. Relating these findings to models of cultural values reveals that Norway, endorsing secular and egalitarian values, is characterized by hope and confidence in technological solutions, whereas France and Germany, emphasizing relatively more hierarchical and traditional values, are rather characterized by fear, outrage, and support for behavioral restrictions imposed by climate change policies.Item Open Access Thinking the unthinkable: two sovereign Palestinian states : an unconventional reading of Trump's Peace Plan through the lens of Wendt's constructivism(Stuttgart : Universität Stuttgart, Institute for Social Science, Department of International Relations and European Integration, 2022) Gabenisch, MarieTrump's 2020 Peace Plan, a "Vision to Improve the Lives of the Palestinian and Israeli People" may indirectly or implicitly be the catalyst for a new way of looking at the Israeli-Palestinian peace process. A constructivist analysis, with regard to the territorial, political, security, social and economic aspects of the Plan, reveals a new constellation of interests and identities of key actors in the region. The identities and interests of the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and Israel have developed separately, and are unevenly reflected in the Plan. Let us "think the unthinkable" (Khalidi 1978): why not Two Sovereign Palestinian States and a three-state solution?